Table display system

ABSTRACT

A display apparatus, such as a table, for display consumer products, such as electronic devices, is disclosed. The table may include a display cavity for displaying products. The display cavity may include a transparent glass panel defining a top portion thereof so as to allow consumers to view products housed within the display cavity. The table may include a lighting system configured to illuminate at least a portion of the display cavity. The table may also include a cooling system for maintaining or modifying the temperature within the display cavity. A rotatable display panel defining at least a portion of the bottom of display cavity may rotate from the bottom of the table to allow a user can access the products within the display cavity.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No.62/045,457, filed on Sep. 3, 2014, which is incorporated herein in itsentirety by reference thereto.

FIELD

The described embodiments relate generally to display systems andmethods for displaying consumer products. More particularly, the presentembodiments relate to tables and fixtures for displaying and providingpower and/or data to consumer products.

BACKGROUND

A retailer or other person may desire to provide a table for displayingelectronic devices and may also desire to provide power and/or data tothe electronic devices. In some cases, the retailer may wish to providea table having a secure and athletically pleasing display area fordisplaying electronic devices.

SUMMARY

A retailer or other user may have various locations within a store orother location for displaying electronic devices. The retailer may wishto provide display apparatuses, such as tables, at these locations toallow customers to view various displayed electronic devices. In somecases, the display apparatus may provide power and/or data to theelectronic devices. In some cases, the display apparatus may provide asecure and aesthetically appealing display area for displaying theelectronic devices. In some cases, the display area may be illuminated.In some cases, the temperature of the display area may be regulated.

In some embodiments, a table may include a display cavity for displayingproducts. The display cavity may include a glass panel defining a topportion thereof so as to allow consumers to view products housed withinthe display cavity. The table may include a lighting system forilluminating at least a portion of the display cavity. The lightingsystem may create any aesthetically appealing display cavity thatfocuses consumers' attention on the products housed within the displaycavity. The table may also include a cooling system for controlling thetemperature of the table and specifically the temperature within thedisplay cavity. The table may include a hinged display panel forsupporting the products housed within the display cavity. For aestheticand security purposes, the display panel may rotate from the bottom ofthe table such that a user can access the products.

To accomplish this, the retailer may use a display apparatus, such as atable, or elements thereof according to embodiments described herein.

Some embodiments are directed towards a table. In some embodiments, thetable includes a table top having a top wall defining at least a portionof a top surface, a side wall extending downward from the top wall anddefining a perimeter of a cavity formed in the table top and recessedfrom the top wall. The table top also may include a display paneldefining at least a portion of a bottom of a cavity, where the displaypanel is rotatable about a first edge thereof, and a glass paneldefining at least a portion of the top surface and located above atleast a portion of the cavity.

In some embodiments, the table includes a table top having a glass paneland a display panel disposed below the glass panel, forming a cavitybetween the table top and the glass panel, where the display panelincludes a node to receive a display fixture for displaying a product.The table also may include a power supply system to supply power to thedisplay fixture.

In some embodiments, the table includes a table top having a top wallformed in part by a glass panel, a bottom wall formed in part by adisplay panel, and a display cavity side wall extending between theglass panel and the display panel, where the display cavity side wall,the glass panel, and the display panel together define a display cavity.The table also may include a lighting system for illuminating at least aportion of the display cavity, where the lighting system includes alight source disposed around a perimeter of the display cavity and alens disposed around the perimeter of the display cavity between thelight source and the display cavity, the lens being configured todiffuse light emitted from the light source.

In some embodiments, the table includes a table top having a top wall, abottom wall, and a cavity between the top wall and the bottom wall. Thecavity may include a peripheral cavity and a display cavity disposedbetween portions of the peripheral cavity. The table also may include acooling system having a controller to maintain the temperature in thedisplay cavity within a determined range.

In some embodiments, the table includes a table top having a topsurface, a display cavity recessed from the top surface, and a glasspanel defining at least a portion of the top surface and located aboveat least a portion of the display cavity. The glass panel may include atop glass layer defining a glass top surface, a bottom glass layerdefining a glass bottom surface, and an ink film disposed between thetop glass layer and the bottom glass layer.

In some embodiments, the table includes a table top having a topsurface, a display cavity recessed from the top surface, a display panelforming a bottom surface of the display cavity and including a pluralityof nodes each configured to receive a display fixture, a plurality ofprinted circuit boards disposed within the display panel below theplurality of nodes, and a power supply system in electricalcommunication with the plurality of printed circuit boards.

Some embodiments are directed towards a display system. In someembodiments, the display system includes a display panel having aplurality of apertures extend through the display panel, a plurality ofnodes disposed in the plurality of apertures, and a display fixture forholding a product, where the display fixture is insertable and removablefrom one of the plurality of nodes. The display apparatus also mayinclude a first printed circuit board disposed within the display panel,where the first printed circuit board is in communication with at leastone of: a power source and a data source, and where the display fixtureis connected to the first printed circuit board when the display fixtureis inserted in one of the plurality of nodes. The first printed circuitboard may be configured to supply at least one of power and data to aproduct via the display fixture.

Some embodiments are directed towards a display fixture. In someembodiments, the display fixture includes a plug with a body having atop surface, a bottom surface, a side surface, and an electricalconnector extending from the bottom surface. The display fixture mayalso include a stem attached to the top surface of the plug, and acharging mechanism attached to the stem and in electrical communicationwith the electrical connector.

Some embodiments are directed towards a method for accessing a displaycavity of a display apparatus. In some embodiments, the method includesactivating an actuator, extending a cord from the actuator in responseto the activation, where the cord is coupled to a free end of a displaypanel, and where the display panel defines a bottom surface of a displaycavity. The method may include rotating the display panel about ananchored end thereof by extension of the cord, where the anchored end isconnected to a support structure of the display apparatus by a hinge.

Some embodiments are directed towards a kit for aligning a plurality ofnodes on a display panel. In some embodiments, the kit includes analignment jig defining a plurality of jig receptacles, and a pluralityof plug jigs each having a body and an alignment fitting attached to thebody, the alignment fitting including a surface feature disposed on asurface thereof. Each jig receptacle may be configured to receive one ofthe plurality of plug jigs in a predetermined orientation with respectto the alignment jig such that the surface feature on each plug jig isoriented in the same direction relative to the alignment jig.

Some embodiments are directed towards DC-to-DC converters that mayinclude a standard connector for receiving a DC input voltage and one ormore standard connectors for providing a DC output voltage that can bedifferent from the DC input voltage. As such, this configuration mayprovide a convenient means for even lay users to convert a DC inputvoltage to one or more different DC output voltages, all while usingstandard connectors. For example, a DC-to-DC converter according to someembodiments may include an Apple MagSafe® connector for receiving a DCinput voltage and provide two different DC output voltages at twodifferent Molex® (e.g., pin-and-socket) connectors, which can be used toprovide power to electronic devices. This DC-to-DC converter can alsoinclude a compact, cosmetic, minimalist housing for containing aspace-efficient printed circuit board (PCB) for converting a DC inputvoltage. In some embodiments such a converter may be used to providepower to the systems and/or elements described herein.

Some embodiments are directed towards a DC-to-DC converter that mayinclude a housing having first and second connector openings and aprinted circuit board disposed within the housing. The printed circuitboard may include a first standard connector for receiving a DC inputvoltage, the first standard connector positioned adjacent to the firststandard connector opening, the first standard connector includingcontacts and an electromagnet that is energizable to magneticallyattract a magnetic element of a corresponding standard connector. Theprinted circuit board may also include a second standard connector forproviding a DC output voltage, the second standard connector positionedadjacent to the second standard connector opening, and voltage regulatorcircuitry configured to convert the DC input voltage to the DC outputvoltage.

Some embodiments are directed towards, a DC-to-DC converter that mayinclude a housing and a printed circuit board disposed within thehousing. The printed circuit board may include a first standardconnector for receiving a DC input voltage, a second standard connectorfor providing a first DC output voltage, a third standard connector forproviding a second DC output voltage, input circuitry disposed on afront side of the printed circuit board and coupled to the firststandard connector, and first regulator circuitry coupled to the inputcircuitry and the second standard connector. The first regulatorcircuitry may be disposed on the front side, and may be configured toconvert the DC input voltage to the first DC output voltage. The firstregulator circuitry may include first inductors coupled to firstcapacitors, where the first inductors are coupled in series and firstcapacitors are coupled in parallel, and a first controller coupled tothe first inductors and second capacitors disposed on a back side of theprinted circuit board. The printed circuit board may also include secondregulator circuitry coupled to the first regulator circuitry and thethird standard connector, the second regulator circuitry being disposedon the front side and configured to convert the first DC output voltageto the second DC output voltage. The second regulator circuitry mayinclude second inductors coupled to third capacitors, where the secondinductors are coupled in series and the third capacitors are coupled inparallel, and a second controller coupled to the second inductors andfourth capacitors disposed on the back side of the printed circuitboard.

Some embodiments are directed towards a DC-to-DC converter that mayinclude a housing having a volume that is less than 1,000 cubiccentimeters and a printed circuit board disposed within the housing. Theprinted circuit board may include a first standard connector forreceiving a DC input voltage, a second standard connector for providinga DC output voltage, and voltage regulator circuitry configured toconvert the DC input voltage to the DC output voltage.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The disclosure will be readily understood by the following detaileddescription in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein likereference numerals designate like structural elements, and in which:

FIG. 1 shows a top perspective view of a table according to someembodiments.

FIG. 2 shows a side view of a table according to some embodiments.

FIG. 3 shows a side view of a table according to some embodiments.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a display system according tosome embodiments.

FIG. 5 shows a top plan view of part of a table top according to someembodiments.

FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional side view of a table according to someembodiments, taken along line 6-6′ in FIG. 3.

FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional side view of a table according to someembodiments, taken along line 7-7′ in FIG. 2.

FIG. 8 shows a top plan view of a table according to some embodiments.

FIG. 9 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the tableshown in FIG. 6.

FIG. 10 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the tableshown in FIG. 7.

FIG. 11 shows an enlarged cross-sectional side view of a portion of aglass panel according to some embodiments.

FIG. 12 shows a schematic representation of a cooling system accordingto some embodiments.

FIG. 13 shows a bottom perspective view of a table according to someembodiments.

FIG. 14 shows a bottom perspective view of a table according to someembodiments.

FIG. 15 shows a cross-sectional side view of a table according to someembodiments, taken along line 15-15′ in FIG. 3.

FIG. 16 shows a cross-sectional side view of a table according to someembodiments, taken along line 6-6′ shown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 17 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the tableshown in FIG. 15.

FIG. 18 shows bottom view of a table according to some embodiments.

FIG. 19 shows a top view of a display panel according to someembodiments.

FIG. 20 shows a cross-sectional top view of a display panel according tosome embodiments.

FIG. 21 shows a cross-sectional side view of a display panel accordingto some embodiments, taken along line 21-21′ in FIG. 19.

FIG. 22 shows a cross-sectional side view of a display panel and twodisplay fixtures according to some embodiments, taken along line 21-21′in FIG. 19.

FIG. 23 shows a top perspective view of a printed circuit boardaccording to some embodiments.

FIG. 24A shows a top perspective view of a display fixture according tosome embodiments. FIG. 24B shows an exploded view of a display fixtureaccording to some embodiments.

FIG. 25 shows a side view of a display fixture according to someembodiments.

FIG. 26 shows a top perspective view of a display fixture according tosome embodiments.

FIG. 27 shows a display apparatus according to some embodiments.

FIG. 28 shows a cross-sectional view of a display fixture according tosome embodiments.

FIG. 29 shows an alignment jig according to some embodiments.

FIG. 30 shows a cross-sectional view of a wire for supplying powerand/or data according to some embodiments.

FIG. 31 shows an example of a traditional DC-to-DC converter.

FIG. 32 shows a perspective view of a DC-to-DC converter, according toan embodiment, and a MagSafe plug connector and Molex plug connectorslined up to mate with corresponding connectors of the DC-to-DCconverter.

FIGS. 33A-33C show perspective, front, and back views, respectively, ofa DC-to-DC converter, according to an embodiment.

FIGS. 34A and 34B show front and back views, respectively, of a printedcircuit board of a DC-to-DC converter, according to an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to representative embodimentsillustrated in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood thatthe following descriptions are not intended to limit the embodiments toone preferred embodiment. To the contrary, it is intended to coveralternatives, modifications, and equivalents as can be included withinthe spirit and scope of the described embodiments as defined by theappended claims.

References to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “anexample embodiment,” etc., indicate that the embodiment described mayinclude a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but everyembodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature,structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarilyreferring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature,structure, or characteristic is described in connection with anembodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of oneskilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristicin connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitlydescribed.

A retailer or other user may have various locations within a store orother location for displaying electronic devices. The retailer may wishto provide display apparatuses, such as tables, at these locations toallow customers to view various electronic devices. In some cases, thedisplay apparatus may provide power and/or data to the electronicdevices. In some cases, the electronic devices may receive power viainductive charging of a battery disposed within an electronic device. Insome cases, the display apparatus may provide a secure and aestheticallyappealing display area for displaying the electronic devices. In somecases, the display area may be illuminated. In some cases, thetemperature of the display area may be regulated.

An aesthetically appealing display apparatus can be an important toolfor to attracting a consumer's attention and facilitating brandrecognition (e.g., by focusing the consumer's attention on the productsdisplayed therein, rather than the display apparatus itself). Moreover,it may be desirable for some features of a display apparatus, such as apower/data supply system or security features, to be concealed from viewso as not to distract a consumer. The display apparatuses describedherein may include a display cavity at least partially defined by atransparent glass panel. In some embodiments, the design of thetransparent glass panel and a lighting system of the display apparatusmay make it appear as if the glass panel is floating above the displaycavity, thus creating an aesthetically appealing display cavity thatfocuses a consumer's attention on products displayed therein.

Additionally, a retailer or other user may desire a display apparatusthat is modular in fashion such that components of the display apparatuscan be easily exchanged and/or updated. In an increasingly fast-pacedsales market (e.g., the market for electronic devices), new types and/orgenerations of products are often rapidly developed and released to thepublic. A display apparatus that is easily adaptable for use with newtypes or generations of products may reduce time and money a retailerspends on reconfiguring and/or replacing outdated equipment within hisretail store. The display apparatuses described herein may include amodular system for providing power and/or data to electronic devices.The modular system may include releasably attached and interchangeablecomponents for holding products while simultaneously providing dataand/or power to the products and other elements of the displayapparatus.

Moreover, a display apparatus may be capable of protecting displayedproducts to minimize potential theft. As such, the display apparatus mayinclude security features designed to protect the products. The displayapparatuses described herein may include a display panel that isrotatable from the bottom of a display apparatus, such as a table, thatallows a user to access displayed products. This system provides aconvenient way for a retailer to access the displayed products when heor she desires, while otherwise securely maintaining displayed products.Various security features described herein may inhibit unauthorizedusers from rotating the display panel and accessing displayed products.

Additionally, the number of types of electronic devices that arecommercially available has increased tremendously the past few years,and the rate of introduction of these devices shows no signs of abating.Devices, such as tablets; laptops; netbooks; desktops; all-in-onecomputers; cell, smart, and media phones; storage devices, portablemedia players, navigation systems, monitors, and others, have becomeubiquitous.

Many of these electronic devices require different voltages foroperation, which voltages are typically supplied by different poweradapters. This means that to operate multiple devices, multiple poweradapters may be required. As such, users may need to concurrently usemultiple power adapters in order to provide power to all the electronicsdevices that are being used by the user.

To avoid the inconvenience of having to use multiple power adapters,DC-to-DC converters can be used for converting the voltage from a singleDC power source to the different voltage outputs required by differentelectronic devices. However, lay users of electronic devices typicallydo not operate DC-to-DC converters because of technical and safetychallenges associated with these converters, e.g., connecting exposedelectrical wires to the converter and adjusting the voltage provided bythe converter. Consequently, DC-to-DC converters are typically onlyoperated by electricians and others with electronics training.

FIG. 31 illustrates an example of a traditional DC-to-DC converter 10.As shown in FIG. 1, converter 10 includes a bulky utilitarian housing 15having screw terminals 20 disposed thereon. During operation, exposedinput wires of a DC input voltage source are wrapped around screws(e.g., screw 25) of screw terminals 20, thereby allowing converter 10 toreceive a DC input voltage. Exposed output wires are wrapped aroundother screws of screw terminals 20 to route a DC output voltage fromconverter 10 to an electronic device. When switch 30 is switched to the“ON” position, circuitry internal to housing 15 converts the DC inputvoltage received via the input wires to a DC output voltage provided atthe output wires. Converter 10 also includes knobs 35, 40 for adjustingthe DC output voltage, thereby enabling a user to match the output DCvoltage of converter 10 to the requirements of the electronic deviceconnected to converter 10. However, as may be appreciated, converter 10may not be a practical alternative for lay users of electronic deviceswho want to avoid having to use multiple power adapters to provide thedifferent voltages required by electronic devices.

Many other voltage conversion devices may suffer from some or all ofthese deficiencies or from similar deficiencies.

Some embodiments provide a DC-to-DC converter that can receive a DCinput voltage via a standard receptacle connector, convert or step downthe DC input voltage to one or more lower DC output voltages and providethe DC output voltages at standard receptacle connectors. For example,the DC-to-DC converter can receive 20 volts (V) at a MagSafe connectorreceptacle, convert the 20 V to 12 V and 5 V using regulator circuitry,and provide 12 V at a two-contact Molex connector and 5 V at a 3-contactMolex connector. The regulator circuitry can be configured to beincluded in DC-to-DC converter housing that is significantly smallerthan traditional standalone DC-to-DC converter housings (e.g., 5 timessmaller or even 10 times smaller). The MagSafe receptacle connector ofthe converter can be mated with a MagSafe plug connector of a MagSafepower adapter, and the Molex receptacle connectors of the converter canbe mated with Molex plug connectors of Molex cable assemblies that areconfigured to provide power to electronic systems and devices, such asthose described herein. This converter can be simple enough for layusers to utilize in retail and even consumer applications such as thoseas described herein.

As used herein, the term “electronic device” may refer to any devicethat uses electrical power to operate. In some instances, embodimentsdiscussed herein are particularly well-suited for use with electronicmedia devices because their potentially small form factor may preventthem from including their own DC-to-DC conversion circuitry. Suchdevices may include, for example, portable music players (e.g., MP3devices and Apple's iPod® devices), portable video players (e.g.,portable DVD players), cellular telephones (e.g., smart telephones suchas Apple's iPhone® devices), wearable devices such as smartwatches,video cameras, digital still cameras, projection systems (e.g.,holographic projection systems), gaming systems, PDAs, desktopcomputers, as well as tablet (e.g., Apple's iPad® devices), laptop orother mobile computers. Other examples of electronic devices includedocking stations, chargers, an external power source such as an externalbattery, cable adapters, clock radios, game controllers, audioequipment, headsets or earphones, video equipment and adapters,keyboards, medical sensor devices such as heart rate monitors and bloodpressure monitors, point of sale (POS) terminals, retail display systems(including charging elements for charging displayed devices), coolingsystems (including fans), lighting systems (including light sources,dimmers), as well as numerous other hardware devices that can connect toand exchange data with or receive power from a host device.

These and other embodiments are discussed below with reference to thefigures. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate thatthe detailed description given herein with respect to these figures isfor explanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting.

Embodiments of the present invention include a table 100 for displayingconsumer products, such as electronic devices. In some embodiments(e.g., as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), table 100 may include a plurality oflegs 102 and a table top 104. Table top 104 may include a top wall 106defining at least a portion of a top surface 108 of table top 104, abottom wall 112 defining at least a portion of a bottom surface 114 oftable top 104, and a side wall 110 extending downward from top wall 106to bottom wall 112. Side wall 110 may connect top wall 106 to bottomwall 112 and define a perimeter of table top 104. Table top 104 may be ahollow structure having an internal cavity 140 defined by top wall 106,side wall 110, and bottom wall 112 (see, e.g., FIG. 6).

As shown in FIG. 1, a glass panel 120 may define at least a portion oftop surface 108 of table 100. In other words, top wall 106 may be formedin part by glass panel 120. In some embodiments, glass panel 120 may beinset into top wall 106 such that its top surface is co-planar with therest of top surface 108. In some embodiments, glass panel 120 and tabletop 104 may have the same shape (e.g., rectangular), however, glasspanel 120 and table top 104 may have any shape. In some embodiments,glass panel 120 may have a different shape than table top 104.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, table 100 may include a power/data supply 130attached to bottom surface 114 of table top 104. A power/data cable 132may be connected to power/data supply 130 and configured to supply powerand/or data to table 100 and products displayed therein. The delivery ofpower and/or data to products displayed within table top 104 isdescribed below in greater detail.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a display system 200 fordisplaying products 270 and supplying power and/or data to products 270according to some embodiments. Display system 200 may include a displayapparatus 202. Display apparatus 202 may be, but is not limited to, atable (such as table 100), a wall, a display case, a shelf, orcombinations thereof. Display system 200 may also include a mastercontroller 204 configured to control various aspects of display system200. For example, master controller 204 may be configured to control apower/data supply system 230, a cooling system 240, a lighting system250, a security system 280, and other electronic components of displaysystem 200. In some embodiments, a user may cause the supply of at leastone of power and data to products 270 via master controller 204. In someembodiments, a user may cause the supply of at least one of power anddata to products 270 by connecting power/data supply 230 system to asource of data and/or power by, for example, connecting power/datasupply system 230 to a power/data outlet or actuating a switch.

Display apparatus 202 may include a display panel (e.g. display panel160 described below in more detail), configured to hold and display aplurality of products 270 within a display cavity (e.g., display cavity141 described in more detail below). A transparent panel (e.g., glasspanel 120) may cover and define at least a portion of display cavity 141and may allow customers to view products 270 disposed within displaycavity 141.

In some embodiments, display apparatus 202 may be configured to housecomponents of display system 200 (e.g., master controller 204, coolingsystem 240, lighting system 250, and security system 280) such that theyare concealed from view. To accomplish this, display apparatus 202 mayinclude one or more internal compartments or chambers, such ascompartments 312 and/or chambers 167 (see, e.g., FIGS. 5 and 22), forhousing components of display system 200. In some embodiments, displayapparatus 202 may house only some components of display system 200. Forexample, master controller 204 may be remotely located from displayapparatus 202. In such embodiments, master controller 204 may incommunication with other components of display system 200 via acommunication network. The communication network may be a wireless orwired network. In some embodiments, master controller 204 may be incommunication with multiple display apparatus via a communicationnetwork. In such embodiments, master controller 204 may be configured tocontrol the components of each display apparatus 202 that it isconnected to via the communication network. In some embodiments, thecommunication network may include a server for facilitatingcommunication between master controller 204 and display apparatus(es)202.

In some embodiments, power/data supply system 230 is configured tosupply at least one of power and data to one or more display apparatuses202. Power/data supply system 230 may be connected to a power/datasupply, such as power/data supply 130, that delivers power and/or datato display apparatuses 202. In some embodiments, power/data supplysystem 230 includes at least one power distributor 232 configured todistribute power to at least one of: products 270, cooling system 240,lighting system 250, and actuator 260. In some embodiments, powerdistributors 232 may be configured to deliver different voltages to atleast two of: products 270, cooling system 240, lighting system 250, andactuator 260.

Cooling system 240, via a controller 241, may be configured to maintainor modify the temperature within display cavity 141. In someembodiments, cooling system 240 may include a plurality of fans 242configured to circulate air within display cavity 141. Controller 241may be configured to maintain or modify the temperature in displaycavity 141 by controlling at least one fan 242. In some embodiments,controller 241 may be configured to maintain or modify the temperatureof display cavity 141 within a determined range. In some embodiments,the determined range may be 35 degrees C. to 45 degrees C. In someembodiments, the determined range may be 40 degrees C. to 45 degrees C.In some embodiments, controller 241 may be configured to regulate thetemperature within display cavity 141 so that the temperature withindisplay cavity 141 does not exceed a predetermined value. In someembodiments, the predetermined value may be 45 degrees C. In someembodiments, controller 241 may be controlled by master controller 204.In some embodiments, controller 241 may be a sub-component of mastercontroller 204. In some embodiments, controller 241 may operateindependently of master controller 204.

Cooling system 240 may include at least one temperature sensor 244 incommunication with controller 241 and configured to measure thetemperature within display cavity 141. In some embodiments, controller241 may be configured to maintain or modify the temperature withindisplay cavity 141 based on feedback (i.e., temperature values) receivedfrom temperature sensor(s) 244. In some embodiments, controller 241 maybe configured to regulate the temperature within display cavity 141 sothat the temperature within display cavity 141 stays within apredetermined range or does not exceed a predetermined value based onfeedback received from temperature sensor(s) 244. Temperature sensor(s)244 may be, but are not limited to, thermocouples or thermistors.

Cooling system 240 may also include at least one audio sensor 246 incommunication with controller 241. Audio sensor(s) 246 may be configuredto measure ambient noise from the environment surrounding displayapparatus 202. In some embodiments, controller 241 may be configured tocontrol at least one fan 242 based on feedback (e.g., decibel levels orsome other indication of noise level) received from the audio sensor(s)246.

In some embodiments, controller 241 may be configured maintain or modifythe temperature in the display cavity by at least one of: (1) turning atleast one fan 242 on or off and (2) controlling the speed of at leastone fan 242. In some embodiments, audio sensor(s) 246 may disposed in oron display apparatus 202. In some embodiments, audio sensor(s) 246 maybe remotely located from display apparatus 202; for example, audiosensor(s) 246 may be located on the ceiling or wall of a retail store.

Cooling system 240 protects products 270 housed within display cavity141 and the display cavity 141 itself from excessive heat. Products 270may generate heat due to the operation of their internal electronics(e.g., processors and/or batteries). Additionally, external factors,such as sunlight or ambient temperature, may cause the temperaturewithin display cavity 141 to rise. High temperatures within displaycavity 141 may be harmful to products 270 and may result in glass panel120 becoming undesirably warm. Cooling system 240 protects thetemperature of products 270, display cavity 141, and glasspanel 120 fromincreasing to an undesirable temperature. FIG. 12 shows a detailed viewof cooling system 240 according to some embodiments and the air flowcreated by cooling system 240, and will be discussed in more detailbelow.

In some instances, a retailer may wish to control the amount of noise(i.e., decibel level) within his store. In display apparatus embodimentshaving fans 242 for controlling the temperature within display cavity141, fans 242 may produce a significant amount of noise when running atcertain speeds, especially if multiple display apparatuses 202 arelocated within a single store. High noise levels may distract consumersand retail store employees or may make conversation difficult and maycreate a loud and unappealing store environment. Audio sensor(s) 246coupled to controller 241 may detect the noise in a store and determinewhen the decibel level within the store exceeds a first predeterminedvalue. Once the decibel level exceeds the first predetermined value,controller 241 may be configured to turn off one or more fans 242 and/ordecrease the speed of one or more fans so as to decrease the decibellevel within the store. When the decibel level within the store dropsbelow a second predetermined value (less than the first predeterminedvalue) controller 241 may be configured resume operation of the fans 242and/or increase the speed of fans 242.

On the other hand, a fan 242 may more effectively reduce the temperaturewithin display cavity 141 by operating at high speed, but fan 242 mayalso produce more noise at high speed, which may not be desirable in aretail setting. Fan noise may be more perceptible in a low-noiseenvironment than in a high-noise environment. In other words, ambientnoise around display cavity 141 may be useful to mask fan noise. Bymeasuring ambient noise around display cavity 141, controller 241 canset fan speed (or a maximum fan speed) based on ambient noise, to ensurethat, for a given ambient noise level, fan speed does not exceed adetermined amount, where that determined amount is a function of ambientnoise level. This can keep fans 242 operating at an optimum speed thatdoes not produce an undesirably perceptible noise (which may distract aconsumer).

Controller 241 may include software having algorithms configured tocontrol fans 242 based feedback from both temperature sensor(s) 244 andaudio sensor(s) 246. In some embodiments, the software may be configuredto prioritize temperature control over noise control.

Lighting system 250, via a controller 251, may be configured toilluminate at least a portion of display cavity 141 within displayapparatus 202. In some embodiments, lighting system 250 may beconfigured to illuminate the entire display cavity 141. Lighting system250 may include a light driver 252 and/or a dimmer 256 for controllingthe intensity of a light source 254 disposed around the perimeter ofdisplay cavity 141. Controller 251 may be configured to turn on and offlight source 254 and regulate its intensity via light driver 252 and/ordimmer 256. In some embodiments, controller 251 may be controlled bymaster controller 204. In some embodiments, controller 251 may be asub-component of master controller 204. In some embodiments, controller251 may operate independently of master controller 204. A lightingsystem 250 according to some embodiments is described below in greaterdetail with respect to FIGS. 8-10.

Actuator 260 may be configured to move a display panel (e.g. displaypanel 160). In some embodiments, actuator 260 may be configured torotate display panel 160 about an edge thereof. In some embodiments,actuator 260 may be an electronic actuator controlled by mastercontroller 204. In some embodiments, display system 200 may include asub-controller for controlling actuator 260. In some embodiments,actuator 260 may be manually actuated by a user.

Security system 280, via controller 281, may be configured to receivesignals from security switches (e.g., security switch 421) and triggeran alarm so as to alert a user (e.g., store owner) of potential theft.Security system 280, via controller 281, may also receive and sendsignals to lock mechanisms 340 so as to control access to display cavity141 and/or compartments 312. In some embodiments, security system 280may be configured to trigger an alarm in the event of unauthorizedaccess to display cavity 141 and/or compartments 312 (e.g., openingdisplay cavity 141 or compartment 312 may trigger a security switch). Insome embodiments, controller 281 may be controlled by master controller204. In some embodiments, controller 281 may be a sub-component ofmaster controller 204. In some embodiments, controller 281 may operateindependently of master controller 204.

Master controller 204 and controllers 241, 251, and 281 may be anysuitable type of controller, such as, for example, controller chips orcomputing devices having a processor and a memory, such as ROM and/orRAM. Each controller may be configured to run software having algorithmsconfigured to control the functionality of various components of table,such as cooling system 240 and lighting system 250 (e.g., using aprocessor). Each controller may also be configured to store the softwareconfigured to control the functionality of various component of table100 (e.g., using a memory). In some embodiments, the controllers mayinclude an interface, such an USB connection or wireless card, forreceiving updated software. In some embodiments, master controller 204and controllers 241, 251, and 281 are separate controllers. In someembodiments, master controller 204 and controllers 241, 251, and 281 arethe same controller.

In some embodiments, the elements and systems described herein (e.g.,table 100 and display system 200) may be used in conjunction with one ormore of the elements and systems described in U.S. Patent ApplicationNos. 62/045,470, 62/045,474, and/or 62/045,455, all filed on Sep. 3,2014 (e.g., the tables, other display apparatuses, and/or componentsthereof disclosed in these applications). Each of these applications isincorporated herein in its entirety by reference thereto.

FIG. 5 shows an electrical system 300 for table 100 according to someembodiments. Components of electrical system 300 may be disposed on orwithin table top 104. In some embodiments, each component of powersystem 300 may be disposed within table top 104 such that it isconcealed within a cavity or compartment located within table top 104 ordisplay panel 160. Concealing all the components of electrical system300 within table top 104 creates an aesthetically appealing table thatdoes not draw consumers' attention away from products displayed withinthe table top 104. Table 100 may include at least one peripheral cavity310 disposed around the perimeter of table top 104. In some embodiments,peripheral cavity(ies) 310 may surround at least a portion of displaycavity 141. In some embodiments, peripheral cavity(ies) 310 maycompletely surround display cavity 141 along at least two opposingsides.

Peripheral cavity 310 may include a number of compartments 312 forstoring various components of electrical system 300. While certainelectronic components are shown being stored in compartments 312 in FIG.5, compartments 312 may be used to store any component within table top104. Each compartment 312 may include a door 314 attached to table top104 via a hinge 316 (see, e.g., FIG. 9). Doors 314 and hinges 316 mayallow access to compartments 312 from underneath table top 104. In someembodiments, doors 314 may include a lock mechanism to preventunauthorized users from accessing compartments 312. FIG. 5 shows a tabletop 104 having ten compartments 312 disposed along the length of tabletop 104, five on each side thereof, but table top 104 may include anynumber of compartments 312 located on any side of table top 104.

FIG. 5 shows a number of power adaptors 320 housed in variouscompartments 312 located in table top 104 and electrically connected topower/data supply 130. Power adaptors 320 may each be electricallyconnected to a power distributor 322 for distributing power and/or datato various components of electrical system 300. Power distributors 322may provide power to every electronic component housed within table top104, including but not limited to fans 242, printed circuit boards 330,light driver 252, light dimmer 256, temperature sensors 244, audiosensors 246, and actuator 260. Power distributors 322 may provide powerto these components via a number of power cords 324.

In some embodiments, power adaptors 320 may provide 20 volts of power topower distributors 322. In turn, power distributors 322 may distributethe 20 volts to various components of electrical system 300. Forexample, a power distributor 322 may be configured to provide 12 volts afan 242. Power distributors 322 may also provide power to a number ofprinted circuit boards 330, which in turn provide power to products 270displayed within display cavity 141. For example, power distributor 322may be configured to provide five volts of power to one or more printedcircuit boards 330. Power distributor may be or have the characteristicsof power distributors such as the power converters (including DC-to-DCpower converters 1200, 1300) discussed below in reference to FIGS.32-34B.

FIG. 6 shows a cross-section of table 100 taken along line 6-6′ of FIG.3 (i.e., along the width of table 100). FIG. 6 shows cavity 140 formedby top wall 106, glass panel 120, side wall 110, and bottom wall 112(including back surface 164 of display panel 610). Cavity 140 mayinclude display cavity 141 formed near and overlapping a center 116 oftable top 104 (see FIG. 8). Display cavity 141 may be recessed from topsurface 108 such that it defines space within table top 104 fordisplaying products. In some embodiments, the center of display cavity141 may be located at center 116. Display cavity 141 may be disposedadjacent to and between portions of peripheral cavity 310 (includingcompartments 312). As shown in FIG. 6, a portion of peripheral cavity310 adjacent to side wall 110 may include a support structure 111 forproviding structural integrity to table top 104. Support structure 111may include one or more support beams made of, for example, wood,plastic, or metal.

FIG. 6 also shows actuator 260 housed within one compartment 312 on theright of display cavity 141. On the left side of display cavity 141, acompartment 312 houses light driver 252 and light dimmer 256 forcontrolling light source 254 for illuminating at least a portion ofdisplay cavity 141.

As shown in FIG. 6, top wall 106 may define at least a portion of topsurface 108, and side wall 110 may extend downward from top wall 106 todefine a perimeter of cavity 140. Glass panel 120 may define theremainder of top surface 108 and define at least a portion of the top ofdisplay cavity 141. Bottom wall 112 may define at least a portion ofbottom surface 114, and a back surface 164 of display panel 160 maydefine the remainder of bottom surface 114. In other words, bottom wall112 may be formed in part by display panel 160. Power/data supply 130may be attached to back surface 164 of display panel 160. A productsurface 162 of display panel 160 may define at least a portion of abottom of display cavity 141. Product surface 162 may hold a pluralityof display fixtures (e.g., display fixtures 400, see FIGS. 22 and 24A)for displaying a plurality of products (e.g., products 270) withindisplay cavity 141. In some embodiments, display panel 160 is moveable.In some embodiments, display panel 160 is rotatable about an anchorededge 168 thereof. In some embodiments, display cavity 141 may have aheight 145 ranging from 2 inches to 4 inches. In some embodiments,height 145 is 3 inches.

FIG. 7 shows a cross-section along the length of table 100 (i.e., across-section perpendicular to the cross-section shown in FIG. 6). Asshown in FIG. 7, display cavity 141 and glass panel 120 may extend alonga substantial length of table top 104 between opposing legs 102. In someembodiments, display cavity 141 may extend along the entire length oftable 100 between opposing legs 102.

FIG. 8 shows a top view of table 100 showing a portion of lightingsystem 250 according to some embodiments. For ease of depiction, certainelements of lighting system 250 that are disposed within table 100 areshown in FIG. 8 in phantom lines, even though they would not be visiblefrom this view in actual use. As shown in FIG. 8, table top 104 andglass panel 120 may both have a rectangular shape with glass panel 120being smaller, in both length and width, than table top 104. As anon-limiting example, if the length of table top 104 is 7 feet, 6inches, glass panel may have a length of approximately 6 feet, 9 inchesand a width of approximately 2 feet. As another non-limiting example, ifthe length of table top 104 is 12 feet, 6 inches, glass panel 120 mayhave a length of approximately 11 feet, 9 inches and a width ofapproximately 2 feet. In some embodiments, the length of glass panel 120may be greater than 75% of the length of table top 104. In someembodiments, the length of glass panel 120 may be approximately 90% ofthe length of table top 104. In some embodiments, the width of glasspanel 120 may be greater than 30% of the width of table top 104. In someembodiments, the width of glass panel 120 may be less than 70% of thewidth of table top 104 (e.g., to leave some working surface that is notcovering display cavity 141).

Table top 104 may include a light source 254 disposed below top wall 106and around at least a portion of the perimeter of display cavity 141. Insome embodiments, light source 254 may extend around the entireperimeter of display cavity 141, as shown in FIG. 8. Light source 254may include a single lighting device that wraps around the perimeter ofdisplay cavity 141. Alternatively, light source 254 may include aplurality of lighting devices disposed around the perimeter of displaycavity 141 (e.g., one or more along each side). A lighting device maybe, but is not limited to, an inorganic LED (light emitting device), anOLED (organic light emitting device), an incandescent lighting device,or a florescent lighting device.

A lens 258 may be disposed below top wall 106 and around at least aportion of the perimeter of display cavity 141 between light source 254and display cavity 141. In some embodiments, lens 258 may extend aroundthe entire perimeter of display cavity 141, as shown in FIG. 8. Lens 258may be configured to diffuse light emitted from light source 254 anddirect it into display cavity 141. In some embodiments, lens 258 may bea single lens extending around the entire perimeter of display cavity141. In some embodiments, lens 258 may include a plurality of lenssegments abutted or connected together that together extend around theentire perimeter of display cavity 141 (e.g., one or more along eachside). For example, lens 258 may include four lens segments, two longersections disposed adjacent to the long sides of display cavity 141 andtwo shorter sections disposed adjacent to the short sides of displaycavity 141. The four segments may be connected at or near the corners ofdisplay cavity 141. In some embodiments, the ends of the lens segmentsmay include chamfered edges so as to facilitate the connections betweenthe lens segments (e.g., by providing greater surface area forconnection). Any number of lens segments may be used to form lens 258.In some embodiments, lens 258 is an acrylic lens. In some embodiments,lens 258 has a thickness of ¼ of an inch, the thickness measured in thedirection from light source 254 to display cavity 141.

In some embodiments, lens 258 serves to evenly distribute light fromlight source 254 into display cavity 141. The position of light source254 and lens 258 creates an even and uniform emanation of light fromunderneath top wall 106 into display cavity 141. In some embodiments,the position of light source 254 and lens 258 causes glass panel 120 toappear as if is floating above display cavity 141 (e.g., by directinglight into display cavity 141 and minimizing directing light directly upthrough glass panel 120 from lens 258). This may create an aestheticallyappealing table 100 that focuses a consumer's attention on displaycavity 141 and the products displayed therein. By diffusing light intodisplay cavity 141, lens 258 may also increase the efficiency oflighting system 250 by optimizing the distribution of light from lightsource 254.

FIG. 9 shows an enlarged cross-section of area 9 of FIG. 6 showingdetails of a compartment 312 for housing lighting components. Thecompartment 312 shown in FIG. 9 may be accessed via door 314 locatedadjacent to bottom wall 112 of table top 104. Hinge 316, which allowsdoor 314 to be opened and closed, may fixed to support structure 111within table top 104. As shown in FIG. 9, light driver 252 and dimmer256 may be housed within compartment 312. In some embodiments, lightdriver 252 and/or dimmer 256 may be fixed to the bottom of top wall 106.Both light driver 252 and dimmer 256 may be electrically connected tolight source 254 disposed within compartment 312. In some embodiments,light source 254 may be disposed within compartment 312 underneath topwall 106 adjacent to a display cavity side wall 142.

Display cavity side wall 142 may separate compartment 312 from displaycavity 141. As shown in FIG. 9, lens 258 may form part of display cavityside wall 142 such that surfaces of lens 258 and side wall 142 facingdisplay cavity 141 are aligned. In such embodiments, lens 258 anddisplay side wall 142 may include a first angled edge 143 and a secondangled edge 259, respectively, to facilitate attachment of display sidewall 142 and lens 258 (e.g., by providing greater surface area forconnection, such as, for example, by adhesive). Lens 258 may be disposedunderneath a ledge 150 that is attached to the bottom of top wall 106.In some embodiments, lens 258 may be in direct contact with theunderside 151 ledge 150. In some embodiments, the underside 151 of ledge150 may be coated with a non-reflective material. Coating underside 151of ledge 150 with a non-reflective material may facilitate an even anduniform emanation of light into display cavity 141, while blockingdirect transmission of light from lens 258 through glass panel 120 tocontribute to the floating effect of glass panel 120 as described above.The non-reflective material may be, but is not limited to, black paint.

Ledge 150 may extend within display cavity 141 about a periphery of thedisplay cavity 141. In some embodiments, ledge 150 may extend intodisplay cavity 141 by a length 154 (see FIG. 11). In some embodiments,length 154 may be measured perpendicularly from a vertical wall 107 oftop wall 106 (e.g., towards the center of display cavity 141 (i.e.,center 116 of table top 104)). In some embodiments, length 154 may rangefrom 8 millimeters to 11 millimeters. In some embodiments, length 154may be 9.4 mm (approximately ⅜ of an inch).

In some embodiments, display cavity side wall 144 may include a gap 144(see e.g., FIG. 17) for allowing air from fans 242 to flow into and outof display cavity 144. In some embodiments, gap 144 may be a continuousgap formed along a portion of display cavity side wall 144. In someembodiments, display cavity side wall 144 may include a plurality ofdiscrete gaps 144 located in positions corresponding to the locations offans 242. In some embodiments, gaps 144 may be formed at or adjacent tothe bottom of display cavity side wall 144. As shown in FIG. 10, gap(s)144 may also be formed in part of support structure 111. In someembodiments, gap(s) 144 may be 5 mm in height.

Referring to FIG. 9, a panel hinge 170 may be connected to anchored end168 of display panel 160. In some embodiments panel hinge 170 may befixed to table top 104 via support structure 111. In some embodimentspanel hinge 170 may encompass a plurality of discrete hinges spacedapart along anchored end 168 of display panel 160. In some embodimentspanel hinge 170 may be a continuous hinge extending along the length ofanchored end 168 of display panel 160 (e.g., a piano hinge). Displaypanel 160 may rotate about panel hinge 170 and, in some embodiments,compartment 312 may provide space to allow anchored end 168 of displaypanel 160 to freely rotate about panel hinge 170. Anchored end 168 ofdisplay panel 160 may also include a seal member 172. Seal member mayseal with an internal component of table top 104, such as supportstructure 111. In some embodiments, seal member 172 may be disposed onproduct surface 162 near the perimeter of display panel 160 so as to atleast partially seal the bottom of display cavity 141. Seal member 172,in conjunction with a gasket 152 on ledge 150 may serve to at leastpartially seal display cavity 141 from the environment surrounding table100. Gasket 152 may be disposed on a top side 153 of ledge 152 and incontact with glass panel 120. In some embodiments gasket 152 may includeadhesive on both its upper and lower surfaces, to fix glass panel 120 toledge 150. In some embodiments, gasket 152 may wrap around the entireperimeter of display cavity 141 so as to completely seal the top ofdisplay cavity 141. At least partially sealing the top and/or bottom ofdisplay cavity 141 may facilitate efficient operation of cooling system240. But, display cavity 141 may remain unsealed in some locations,e.g., at gaps 144 and in other portions of table top 104 so as to allowair to flow into and out of display cavity 141 and allow for airexchange with the environment outside table 100.

FIG. 10 shows an enlarged cross-section of area 10 of FIG. 7 showing thedetails of a portion of peripheral cavity 310 disposed adjacent todisplay cavity 141. FIG. 10 shows light source 252, lens 258, and ledge150 disposed around the perimeter of display cavity 141. FIG. 10 alsoshows side edge 175 of display panel 160, which may be perpendicular tofree end 166 and anchored end 168. Side edge 175 may engage the bottomof display cavity side wall 142 and may have seal member 172 disposedthereon.

FIG. 11 shows an enlarged view of glass panel 120 according to someembodiments. Glass panel 120 may include a top glass layer 122 defininga glass top surface 121 and a bottom glass layer 128 defining a glassbottom surface 129. Glass top surface 121 may form a portion of topsurface 108 of table top 104 and glass bottom surface 129 may define atleast a portion of the top of display cavity 141. A glass panel sidewall 125 may be disposed adjacent to vertical wall 107 of top wall 106.In some embodiments, glass panel side wall 125 may be disposed less thanor equal to 1 millimeter (e.g., approximately 1/32 of an inch) fromvertical wall 107. In some embodiments, glass panel side wall 125 may bein direct contact with vertical wall 107. Glass top surface 121 may beflush with the top of top wall 106, meaning that glass top wall 121 isparallel to and coplanar with the top of top wall 106 at theirinterface(s) (e.g., aligned within a tolerance of +/−3 millimeters(approximately ⅛ of an inch). In some embodiments, glass top surface 121may be located above or below the top of table top wall 106. Forexample, glass top surface 121 may be located 0.5 mm below the top oftop wall 106. In some embodiments, top glass layer 122 may include achamfered edge 123 located along the perimeter of top glass layer 122.In some embodiments, top glass layer 122 and/or bottom glass layer 128may be tempered glass.

Glass panel 120 may also include an ink film 124 disposed between topglass wall 122 and bottom glass wall 128. In some embodiments, glasspanel 120 may include an intermediate adhesive layer 126 disposedbetween top glass wall 122 and bottom glass wall 128. Intermediate layer126 may be disposed between ink film 124 and bottom glass wall 128, asshown in FIG. 11. Alternatively, intermediate layer 126 may be disposedbetween ink film 124 and top glass wall 122.

In some embodiments, the thickness of glass panel 120 may range from 7millimeters to 8 millimeters+/−0.5 millimeters. In some embodiments, thethickness of glass panel may be 7.5 millimeters. In some embodiments,the thickness of top glass layer 122 may range from 2.0 millimeters to2.2 millimeters. In some embodiments the thickness of top glass layer122 is 2.1 millimeters. In some embodiments, the thickness of ink film124 is less than 25% the thickness of glass panel 120, or less than 10%the thickness of glass panel 120 (e.g., less than 1 millimeter). In someembodiments, the thickness of intermediate layer 126 may range from 0.8millimeters to 1 millimeter. In some embodiments, the thickness ofintermediate layer 126 is 0.9 millimeters. In some embodiments, thethickness of bottom glass layer 128 may range from 3.8 millimeters to4.2 millimeters. In some embodiments, the thickness of bottom glasslayer is 4 millimeters.

Ink film 124 may be screen printed onto either top glass layer 122, asshown in FIG. 11, or onto bottom glass layer 128. In some embodiments,ink film 124 may be disposed along the perimeter of glass panel 120 andmay extend from glass side wall 125 towards the center of glass panel120 (i.e., center 116 of table 100). Ink film 124 may be in the shape ofa strip disposed about the perimeter of glass panel 120. In other words,ink film 124 may have a hollow shape, that hollow shape corresponding tothe shape of display panel 120. In some embodiments, ink film 124 mayextend a distance 127 from glass side wall 125 towards the center ofglass panel 120. In some embodiments, distance 127 may range from 16millimeters to 20 millimeters. In some embodiments, distance 127 may be18 millimeters. In some embodiments, distance 127 is greater than length145 (and therefore hides ledge 150 from view). In some embodiments,distance 127 may be more than 150% of length 145, but less than 250% oflength 145. For example, if length 145 is 9.4 millimeters (approximately⅜ of an inch), distance 127 may be 18 millimeters. In some embodiments,ink film 124 may have a constant distance 127 around the perimeter ofglass panel 120. In some embodiments distance 127 may vary. For example,distance 127 may be larger along the length of glass panel 120 thanalong the width of glass panel 120. In some embodiments, distance 127may be dependent on the length and width of glass panel 120. But in someembodiments, distance 127 is always greater than length 145 at allpositions along the length and width of glass panel 120.

Ink film 124 creates a sharp and consistent boarder around displaycavity 141. In some embodiments, ink film 124 serves to conceal ledge150 and gasket 152 from a consumer's view, and to conceal lens(es) 258.This can contribute to an aesthetically appealing display area thatfocuses a consumer's attention on the products displayed within displaycavity 141, rather than features of table 100. Ink film 124 may alsofacilitate even and uniform emanation of light from underneath top wall106 and help make glass panel 120 appear as if it is floating abovedisplay cavity 141.

FIG. 12 shows a schematic representation of the air flow within displaycavity 141 created by fans 242 of cooling system 240 according to someembodiments. As shown in FIG. 12, table 100 may include four fans 242,two located on one side of table 100 (e.g., for pushing air into displaycavity 141) and two located at the opposing side of table 100 (e.g., forpulling air out of display cavity 141). Each fan 242 may be housed in acompartment 312, which are located around the periphery of displaycavity 141. Display cavity side wall 142 may have gaps 144 formedtherein extending along the perimeter of display cavity 141 and/ordisposed discretely at locations corresponding to each fan 242 (see,e.g., FIGS. 10 and 17). Air may flow into or out of display cavity 141through gaps 144. In some embodiments, push fans 242 may draw air fromthe environment located around table 100 and push it into cavity 141,and pull fans 242 may pull air from cavity 141 and expel it into theenvironment located around table 100.

In some embodiments, fans 242 may be connected with tubing 248 so as tocreate a closed-air circulation loop. In such embodiments, fans 242 mayrecirculate air into and out of display cavity 141 in a closed loop. Insome embodiments, the air circulated within display cavity 141 may becooled, for example by a refrigeration mechanism 249, before beingintroduced into display cavity 141. Refrigeration mechanism 249 may beconnected to fans 242 and/or tubing 248 and may be controlled bycontroller 241 to maintain a desired temperature. In some embodiments,the push fans 242 may include or may be in communication with an airfilter (e.g., a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter) tominimize the introduction of dust or other contaminates into displaycavity 141. In some embodiments, tubing 248 may include an air filter.Compartments 312 may provide access to the HEPA filters such that theycan be replaced without disassembling table 100.

FIGS. 13 and 14 show bottom perspective views of table 100 anddemonstrate the rotation of display panel 160 about anchored end 168.FIGS. 15 and 16 show corresponding cross-sectional views demonstratingthe rotation of display panel 160. In a first, closed position, as shownin FIGS. 13 and 15, back surface 164 of display panel 160 may be flushwith bottom surface 114 of bottom wall 112. Similarly, product surface162 may be parallel to glass panel 120 in the first closed position.

In a second, open position, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 16, display panel160 is rotated about its anchored end 168 such that it extends at leastpartially downward from the bottom of table 110. In the open positionback surface 164 is oriented at an angle 171 relative to bottom surface114 of bottom wall 112. Similarly, product surface 162 is oriented atangle 171 relative to glass panel 120. In some embodiments angle 171 maybe greater than 45 degrees (e.g., maximum angle 171 may be greater than45 degrees). In some embodiments angle 171 may be 80 degrees (e.g.,maximum angle 171 may be 80 degrees). In some embodiments angle 171 maybe less than 90 degrees (e.g., maximum angle 171 may be less than 90degrees). A maximum angle 171 of less than 90 degrees may help toprevent display fixtures (e.g., display fixtures 400, see FIGS. 11 and24A) and displayed products 270 from falling out of recesses in displaypanel 160 when in the open position. Rotating display panel 160 to theopen position allows a user, such as a retail store employee, to accessproducts 270 displayed on product surface 162. In some embodiments,table 100 may include a mechanical and/or electrical stop configured tocause display panel 160 to stop rotating once it reaches the second openposition (i.e., when angle 171 reaches a maximum).

Rotating display panel 160 from the bottom of table 100 helps concealmechanical components, such as hinges, that are used to rotate displaypanel 160. Additionally, by rotating display panel 160 from the bottomof table 100, a user can access products displayed on product surface162 without having to remove glass panel 120 from the top of table 100.

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, actuator 260 may be used to move displaypanel 160 from the closed position to the open position. Actuator 260may be an electronic automated device such as, but not limited to, anelectronic motor. In some embodiments, actuator 260 may be manuallyactuated by a user (e.g., a crank-operated winch). A cord 262 may beattached to actuator 260 and an attachment feature 264, such as, forexample, a hook or eye-bolt, attached to free end 166 of display panel160. Cord 262 may be extended from and retracted into actuator 260 tolower and raise free end 166, which in turn causes display panel 160 torotate about anchored end 168 via panel hinge 170. In other words,actuator 260 may rotate display panel 160 by adjusting the length ofcord 262. In some embodiments, table 100 may include multiple actuatorassemblies (including actuator 260, cord 262, and attachment feature264). In such embodiments, actuator assemblies may be evenly spacedalong free end 166 of display panel 160 to evenly distribute the weightof display panel 160. In such embodiments, the multiple actuatorassemblies may be independently operable or may all be simultaneouslyoperated by the same control mechanism 266 (described below).

As shown in FIG. 16, compartments 312 located on opposite sides ofdisplay cavity may house actuator 260 and provide space for anchored end168 to freely rotate. A door 314 associated with each compartment 312may be opened as shown in FIG. 16 to allow access to the compartments312. Since anchored end 168 of display panel may extend along the entirelength of display panel 160, each compartment 312 located near anchoredend 168 may be opened to allow display panel to move to the openposition. In some embodiments, display panel 160 may be configured torotate about panel hinge 170 such that anchored end 168 does not requirethe space within compartment(s) 312 to freely rotate. In addition torotating display panel 160 between the closed position and the fullyopen position, actuator 260 may be used to rotate display panel 160 toany position in between these positions, (e.g., to a partially-openposition). In some embodiments, table 100 may not include an actuator260, and display panel 160 may be manually lowered and raised from thebottom of table 100 by a user.

In some embodiments, actuator 260 may be operated by a controller (e.g.,master controller 204 or a separate dedicated controller) that receivesa signal from a control mechanism 266. The signal may cause the actuatorto extend or retract cord 262 to thereby open or close display panel160. Control mechanism may be, for example, a keyed hole for receiving akey, a button, a mechanical switch, and/or a sensor.

Types of sensors that may be used in accordance with the embodimentsdescribed herein include, but are not limited to, fingerprint sensors,radio-frequency identification (RFID) sensors, motion sensors,capacitive touch sensors, and bar code (including quick response (QR)code) scanners. A motion sensor may send a signal in response to sensingthe motion of an object, such as a hand. A capacitive touch sensor maysend a signal in response to sensing a touch, for example, the touch ofa finger. An RFID sensor may send a signal upon sensing identificationinformation on an employee's or technical assistant's RFID card. A barcode scanner may send a signal upon reading a bar code associated with,for example, an employee or technical assistant.

Sensors such as fingerprint sensors, RFID sensors, or bar code readersmay provide increased security within a retailer's store. Such sensorswould prevent display panel 160 from being deployed and accessed by anunauthorized person, thereby minimizing opportunity for theft ofproducts 270 in display cavity 141. In some embodiments, the sensor maybe located on table 100. In some embodiments, the sensor may not belocated on table 100. For example, the sensor may be located on a wallor chair near table 100, or other remote locations.

FIG. 17 shows an enlarged cross-section of area 17 of FIG. 15 showingdetails of a lock mechanism 340 for preventing the movement of displaypanel 160. Lock mechanism 340 may be attached to free end 166 of displaypanel 160 and configured to fit within a compartment 312 located inperipheral cavity 310 of table top 104. Lock mechanism 340 may include alock actuator 342 that may be accessible from underneath table 100. Insome embodiments, lock actuator 342 may be disposed on bottom surface114 of table top 104, and may be configured to rotate a latch 344 intoand out of a locking recess 346 formed in a portion of support structure111 within table top 104. Lock actuator 342 may be controlled by, forexample, a keyed hole for receiving a key, a button, a mechanicalswitch, and/or a sensor. Such a sensor may be, for example, any of thesensors described above with respect to control mechanism 266.

Lock actuator 342 may be configured to rotate a latch 344 into and outof locking recess 346 formed in a portion of support structure 111within table top 104. When latch 344 engages locking recess 346, asshown in FIG. 17, free end 166 of display panel is prevented frommoving. When latch 344 is disengaged from locking recess 346 free end166 may be lowered either manually or via actuator 260. Also, when latch344 is engaged, it helps support display panel 160 in the closedposition, sharing the load of display panel 160 with cord 262. Table 100may include multiple lock mechanisms 340. In such embodiments, lockmechanisms 340 may be evenly spaced along free end 166 of display panel160 to evenly distribute the weight of display panel 160.

In some embodiments, lock actuator 342 may be in communication with acontroller, such as master controller 204, and may be controlled by thecontroller. Locking mechanism 340 may help control authorized access todisplay cavity 141 because only authorized users having the correct key,RFID badge, etc. may access display cavity 141. In embodiments whereinlock actuator 342 is for example, a fingerprint reader or an RFIDsensor, and/or in embodiments where lock actuator is in communicationwith a controller, such as master controller 204, access to a displaycavity 141 may be strictly and automatically controlled by a user. Insome embodiments, master controller 204 may accept a password from auser to lock or unlock lock mechanism 340.

In some embodiments, lock mechanism 340 may be locked or unlocked and/ordisplay panel 160 may be rotated between the closed and open positionsin response to a first signal and a second signal from a sensor, wherethe sensor is a barcode (including quick response (QR) code) or radiofrequency identification (RFID) scanner, or any other sensor such as,for example, other sensors described herein. For example, the scannermay be configured to read bar codes or RFID chips associated withpersons or devices, e.g., store employees such as salespeople andtechnical support personnel. Additionally, the scanner may be configuredto send first and second signals in response to scanning a barcode orRFID chip associated with authorized personnel. In response to the firstsignal, a controller, such as master controller 204, may cause actuator260 to rotate display panel 160 from the closed position to the openposition. In response to receiving the second signal, master controller204 may rotate display panel 160 back to the closed position. Lockmechanism 340 may be locked or unlocked and/or display panel 160 may berotated in a similar fashion for other types of lock actuators such as,but not limited to, a button, a mechanical switch, a fingerprint sensor,a motion sensor, and a capacitive touch sensor.

While a lock mechanism 340 according to some embodiments is shown anddescribed in reference to FIGS. 15 and 17, any type of lock mechanismmay be used. For example, different mechanical lock mechanisms ormagnetic lock mechanisms may be used to prevent the movement of displaypanel 160 from the closed position to the open position. Theconfiguration of the compartment 312 configured to house lockingmechanism 340 may prevent unwanted tempering with lock mechanism 340.

FIG. 18 shows a bottom view of table 100 according to some embodiments.As shown in FIG. 18, each door 314 may include a finger hole 318 forallowing a user to open door 314 and access a corresponding compartment312. Finger holes 318 may also allow heat from electronics housed withincompartments to more easily escape, thus helping to prevent overheating.Finger holes 318 may also allow air intake and exhaust for coolingsystem 240 (e.g., for fans 242). In some embodiments, finger holes 318may be replaced with a lock mechanism. In some embodiments, doors 314may include finger hole 318 and a lock mechanism. In some embodiments,the lock mechanisms on doors may include a lock actuator that is thesame or similar to lock actuator 342. In some embodiments, the lockactuators on doors 314 may also be in communication with mastercontroller 204, and may be controlled by master controller 204.

While FIGS. 6-18 show table 100 having a single display panel 160 thatrotates from the bottom of table 100, in some embodiments, table 100 mayinclude multiple smaller display panels disposed adjacent to or spacedapart from each other so as to form a continuous or non-continuousproduct surface 162. In such embodiments, each display panel backsurface 164 may form a portion of bottom surface 114 of table top 104.Additionally, in such embodiments, each display panel may have anindependent panel hinge and/or actuator configured to rotate eachdisplay panel about an anchored end. As such, each display panel may beindependently rotated between the closed position and the open position.

FIG. 19 shows product surface 162 of display panel 160 according to someembodiments. Product surface 162 may be a flat and smooth surface havinga plurality of apertures 176 formed therein, each aperture 176configured to receive a node 350. In some embodiments apertures 176 arecircular in shape and nodes 350 have a corresponding circular outershape. Each node 350 received in apertures 176 may be configured to holda display fixture, such as display fixture 400, as discussed in moredetail below with reference to FIGS. 21 and 22. Product surface 162 mayinclude any number of nodes 350. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG.19, nodes 350 may be aligned in rows (e.g., two rows extending along thelength of display panel 160).

FIG. 20 shows a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure ofdisplay panel 160 according to some embodiments. Display panel 160 maybe a hollow structure having a network of chambers 167 formed thereinfor housing electronic components. As shown in FIG. 20, the network ofchambers 167 may be used to house a plurality of printed circuit boards330 connected to a plurality of power cords 324. Support beams 169 mayseparate individual chambers 167 and provide structural integrity fordisplay panel 160. In some embodiments, at least a portion of chambers167 may be occupied by material for increasing the strength androbustness of display panel 160. In some embodiments, a plurality ofhoneycomb panels may occupy at least a portion of chambers 167. In someembodiments, the honeycomb panel is made of aluminum, and may have topand bottom layers of sheet metal (e.g., aluminum) enclosing thehoneycomb structure.

Passages 174 may be formed in support beams 169 so that power cords 324can be routed therethrough between chambers 167 to anchored end 168.Power cords 324 are routed towards and exit display panel via anchoredend 168 so that they remain concealed and need not be disconnected whendisplay panel is rotated into the open position. Also, routing powercords 324 towards anchored end 168 reduces the length of power cords 324and prevents them from interfering with a user trying to access productswhen display panel 160 is in the open position. Moreover, routing powercords to anchored end 168 removes the need to unplug any power cord whendisplay panel is rotated from the bottom of table 100 to the openposition. This allows each system, e.g., power/data supply system 230and cooling system 240, associated with table 100 to continue tofunction when display panel 160 is rotated to the open position.

FIGS. 21 and 22 show cross-sections of display panel 160 along the line21-21′ in FIG. 19. FIG. 21 shows two empty nodes 350 and FIG. 22 showsthose same two nodes 350 with display fixtures 400 received therein.FIGS. 21 and 22 also show a portion of a chamber 167 formed withindisplay panel 160. Chamber 167 may be defined by a first (e.g., top)wall 161, a perimeter wall 163, and a second (e.g., bottom) wall 165.First wall 161 may define product surface 162 and second wall 165 maydefine back surface 164. First wall 161, perimeter wall 163, and secondwall 165 may be made from any suitable material, such as but not limitedto, wood, plastic, or metal, such as aluminum.

As shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, apertures 176 are formed on product surface162 and extend through first wall 161 to chamber 167. Each aperture 176may be configured to releasably or permanently receive at least aportion of node 350. Each node 350 may include a flange 352, a base 364defining a through hole 366 therethrough, and a hollow frame 354connecting flange 352 to base 364. Hollow frame 354 may include anexterior surface 362 that conforms with the shape of aperture 176.Flange 352 may be used to support node 350 on product surface 162. Insome embodiments, product surface 162 may include circumferentialgrooves 178 disposed around apertures 176 for receiving flanges 352, sothat nodes 350 do not extend above product surface 162 (and in someembodiments a top surface of flange 352 is flush with product surface162). In some embodiments, node 350 does not include flange 352 and issupported within aperture 176 via a friction fit between aperture 176and exterior surface 362 of hollow frame 354. In some embodiments,exterior surface 362 may be adhesively bonded to aperture 176.

Hollow frame 354 may also include an interior surface 360 that, inconnection with a proximal surface 368 of base 364, defines a hollowinterior 358. In some embodiments, interior surface 360 may include afirst alignment feature 361 configured to engage and mate with a secondalignment feature 409 on display fixture 400. First alignment feature361 may include, but is not limited to a notch, a projection (as shownin FIG. 21), or a groove. First alignment feature 361 may also be usedto orient each node in the same direction relative to product surface162 (e.g., using an alignment jig 800 as discussed below in reference toFIG. 29).

At least one first magnet 372 may be coupled to base 362 and may beconfigured to interact with at least one second magnet 432 coupled to aplug 402 on display fixture 400. In some embodiments, first magnet(s)372 may be disposed within base 362, as shown in FIG. 22, or attached toan upper or lower surface thereof.

In some embodiments, a printed circuit board 330 may be attached to nodeeach 350 via a lower surface 370 of base 362. In some embodiments, aprinted circuit board 330 is attached to base 362 via connectors 338(e.g., screws 338). Screws 338 may align printed circuit board 330 withrespect to node 350. Specifically, screws 338 may align electricalcontacts 332 on printed circuit board 330 with through holes 366 formedin bases 364 of nodes 350. This alignment helps to ensure contactbetween electrical connectors 434 disposed on plugs 402 and electricalcontacts 332 of printed circuit boards 330. In some embodiments, theattachment of a printed circuit board 330 to one or more nodes 350grounds the printed circuit board 330 and/or the one or more nodes 350through screws 338.

As shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, nodes 350 may extend through apertures 176and into chamber 167. In other words, the base 362 of a node 350 may bedisposed below first wall 161 of display panel 160. This allows printedcircuit boards 330 to be suspended in chambers 167 such that they arenot attached to or in contact with first wall 161. In some embodiments,where first wall 161, perimeter wall 163, or second wall 165 are subjectto deformation, due to, for example, humidity, material properties,and/or stress, suspension of printed circuit boards 330 minimizes thepotential for their damage in the event that first wall 161, perimeterwall 163 and/or second wall 165 deform. For example, if first wall 161is made of wood, changes in humidity may cause first wall 161 to deformand/or crack. Suspending printed circuit boards 330 within chambers 167helps to isolate them from changes in first wall 161. This increases thelifetime of the table and helps minimize maintenance costs for replacingdamaged printed circuit boards 330.

Further, because printed circuit boards 330 are fixed relative to nodes350, deformation in materials of display panel 160 will not cause atendency for printed circuit boards 330 to move relative to nodes 350.If nodes 350 move due to material deformation, then printed circuitboards 330 move with them. This can help maintain a good connectionbetween printed circuit boards 330 and display fixtures 400 insertedwithin nodes 350.

FIG. 22 shows two display fixtures 400 removably disposed in nodes 350(i.e., insertable in and removable from nodes 350). Each display fixture400 may include a plug 402 having a top surface 404, a bottom surface406, and a side surface 408 separating top surface 404 from bottomsurface 406. As shown in FIG. 22, hollow interior 358 of node 350 isconfigured to receive at least a portion of plug 402 on display fixture400. In some embodiments, hollow interior 358 may be configured toreceive the entire plug 402. In some embodiments, hollow interior 358may be configured to receive the entire plug 402 such that top surface404 of plug 402 is flush with flange 352 and/or product surface 162 ofdisplay panel 160. When plug 402 is received within node 350, sidesurface 408 and bottom surface 406 may contact interior surface 360 andproximal surface 368 of node 350, respectively.

Side surface 408 of plug 402 may include second alignment feature 409for engaging and mating with first alignment feature 361 on interiorsurface 360 of node 350. Second alignment feature 409 may include, butis not limited to a notch, a projection or a groove (as shown in FIG.22). Preferably, second alignment feature 409 compliments firstalignment feature 361. For example, in some embodiments, first alignmentfeature 361 may be a projection and second alignment feature 409 may begroove configured to slide over the projection.

Display fixture 400 may include a stem 410 attached to top surface 404of plug 402. Stem 410 may connect a charging element 420 (e.g., acharging puck 420) to plug 402 and may be used to carry wiring forelectrically connecting charging puck 420 to electrical connectors 434of plug 402 (e.g., via a printed circuit board 430 disposed within plug402).

In some embodiments, charging puck 420 may include a proximal surface422, a side surface 424 attached to stem 410, and distal surface 426.Charging puck 420 may have any shape, including but not limited to,cylindrical (as shown in FIG. 22), concave, convex, polygonal, orellipsoidal. Charging puck 420 may have an inductive charging mechanism428 disposed therein. The interior of charging puck 420 may includecircuitry and/or electronics for inductively charging a product held bydisplay fixture 400. The circuitry and/or electronics may be pottedwithin the interior of charging puck 420. In some embodiments, proximalsurface 422 of charging puck 420 may hold a product (e.g., product 270)thereon, via magnetic force (e.g. by a magnet disposed within chargingpuck 420), and provide power to the product via inductive charging ofthe product's battery.

In some embodiments, proximal surface 422 may include a security switch421. Security switch 421 may be used to detect whether a product issupported by display fixture 400, and can trigger an alarm in responseto a product being removed from display fixture 400. For example, insome embodiments, when product 270 is coupled to display fixture 400,product 270 may engage (or disengage) security switch 421 (e.g., by thebackside of product 270 depressing a button of security switch 421).Security switch 421 may be communicatively coupled to an alarm or otheralert such that the alert can be triggered by removal of product 270from display fixture 400. Such removal of a product from display fixture400 may disengage (or engage) security switch 421, thereby triggeringthe alert.

In some embodiments, security switch 412 may be an electronic switchintegrated within the circuitry and/or software used to controlinductive charging mechanism 428. For example, if the softwarecontrolling inductive charging mechanism 428 senses that product 270 hasbeen removed from display fixture 400 (e.g., by a change in magneticforces or charging state due the removal of a product), the software maytrigger an alarm in response to sensing that product 270 has beenremoved. Security switch 421 may be in communication with mastercontroller 204 and/or controller 281. In some embodiments, mastercontroller 204 and/or controller 281 may be configured to activate ordeactivate security switch 421.

Printed circuit board 430 may be disposed within plug 402 and may bedesigned to receive power at a given voltage from a printed circuitboard 330 and send it to charging puck 420. Printed circuit boards 330may include one or more voltage regulators that can modify or otherwisecontrol the amount of voltage delivered from a power distributor 322 toone or more electrical contacts 332. In turn, printed circuit board 430may receive power (e.g., at 5 volts) through electrical connector 434(e.g., via two pins 436 thereof, one for each of power and ground) froman electrical contact 332 of printed circuit board 330 and route it towires that connect to charging puck 420.

In some embodiments, printed circuit board 430 may be preconfigured toreceive voltage from a printed circuit board 330 and route the voltageat a specific current to charging puck 420 so as to control the amountof power delivered to charging puck 420. In some embodiments, printedcircuit board 430 may terminate positive and negative data signals(e.g., USB D+ and D−) from charging puck 420 so as to control themaximum amount of current a charging puck 420 can draw. In other words,display fixture 400 may use the data connection between charging puck420 and printed circuit board 430 to determine an optimum amount ofcurrent for the charging puck to draw (e.g., a maximum amount, a mostefficient amount), thereby controlling the amount of current a chargingpuck 420 draws from a printed circuit board 330.

In some embodiments, printed circuit board 430 may include resistorsthat set the maximum amount of current that a charging puck 420 candraw. In some embodiments, printed circuit board 330 may boost thevoltage (e.g., using its voltage regulators) received from a powerdistributor 322 so as to compensate or otherwise account for any voltagedrop due to transfer along power cords 324.

The design and configuration of printed circuit boards 330 and printedcircuit boards 430 increases the modularity and flexibility of a displaysystem. Different printed circuit boards 330 preconfigured for differentvoltage and/or different display fixtures 400 preconfigured fordifferent currents may be used to power different types and/orgenerations of products. Since display fixtures 400 are removablydisposed in nodes 350, different display fixtures may be exchangeddepending on the type and/or generation of product displayed within aspecific display cavity 141 or a portion of a specific display cavity141, which increases the modularity of table 100.

Printed circuit board 430 may receive voltage from a printed circuitboard 330 via an electrical connector 434 extending from bottom surface406 of plug 402. In some embodiments, electrical connector 434 mayinclude two pins 436 for contacting electrical contacts 332 disposed onan interface surface of a printed circuit board 330 (see FIG. 23). Insome embodiments, electrical contacts 332 may be gold plated to resistcorrosion. While two pins 436 are described herein, electrical connector434 may include any number of pins. Each electrical contact 332 onprinted circuit board 330 may include a contact pair 333 correspondingto the two pins 436 extending from bottom surface 406 of plug 402. Insome embodiments, one pin 436 receives power and the other pin 436receives ground from respective contacts in a contact pair 333. In someembodiments, a printed circuit board 430 may be disposed within a testplug for testing the operability of power/data supply system 230. Insome embodiments, the test plug may include an indicator (e.g., a LED)for indicating whether or not power/data supply system 230 is properlysupplying power and/or data to a node 350.

Pins 436 may extend from a bottom surface 404 so as to pass throughthrough hole 366 formed in the base of a node 350. Pins 436 may havesufficient length so as to extend from bottom surface 404 of plug 402 tocontact pairs 333 on a printed circuit board 330 when plug 402 is fullyseated within node 350. In some embodiments, pins 436 may be springloaded to facilitate connection between the ends of pins 436 and contactpairs 333. Spring loading pins 436 minimize the potential for smalldeviations in the distance between bottom surface 404 and contact pairs333 from disrupting electrical contact between pins 436 and contactpairs 333.

Plug 402 may also include at least one second magnet 432 coupledthereto. In some embodiments, second magnet(s) 432 may be disposed on orembedded within plug 402. Second magnet(s) 432 may be configured toattract first magnet(s) 372 coupled to base 364 of node 350, and viceversa. The attraction between second magnet(s) 432 and first magnet(s)372 may releasably hold plug 402 within hollow interior 358 of node 350.Additionally, the attraction between the magnets may overcome any forceexerted by spring loaded electrical connectors 434, such as springloaded pins 436, to promote strong connection between electricalconnectors 434 and electrical contacts 332 of printed circuit boards330.

The releasable connection between plugs 402 on display fixtures 400 andnodes 350, as well as the design of electrical connectors 434 andelectrical contacts 332, increases the modularity of a display system.As discussed above, this allows display fixtures to be easily exchangedif a user wishes to display a different type and/or generation ofproducts within a display cavity, and gives the user the ability to useall or just a subset of available nodes 350. In the event that new orupdated display fixtures are needed, the releasable connection betweenplugs 402 on display fixtures 400 and nodes 350, as well as the designof electrical connectors 434 and electrical contacts 332, makesexchanging display fixtures easy.

Moreover, printed circuit boards 330 may also be modular in fashion. Asshown in FIG. 23, power cables 324 may be plugged into a printed circuitboard 330 via a connector 334 and screw holes 336 may be disposed onprinted circuit boards 330 for receiving screws 338. As such, printedcircuit boards 330 may also be exchanged when needed. The modularity ofthe display fixtures and printed circuit boards 330 allows a table 100to be retrofitted with new display fixtures and/or printed circuitboards 330.

FIGS. 24A, 24B, and 25 show display fixture 400 according to someembodiments. Display fixture 400 may include plug 402 having firstalignment feature 409 disposed on side surface 408 and stem 410extending from top surface 404. Display fixture 400 may also includeelectrical connector 434 having two pins 436 extending from bottom wall406. Stem 410 may include an extension 412 fixed to top surface 404 ofplug 402 and a ring 414 attached to extension 412. In some embodiments,stem 410 may a single integrally formed piece. In some embodiments,extension 412 and ring 414 may be separate pieces that are fixedtogether. In some embodiments, extension 412 and ring 414 may be fixedtogether using, for example, welding or an adhesive. Ring 414 may have afirst end 418 and a second end 419 attached to opposing sides of sidesurface 424 of charging puck 420. First end 418 and second end 419 maybe fixed to side surface 424 using, for example, welding or an adhesive.In some embodiments, the weld may be present on an interior portion ofcharging puck 420 such that the weld is not visable on the exterior ofdisplay fixture 400. In some embodiments, welds on display fixture 400may be laser welds. In some embodiments, stem 410 may be made ofstainless steel.

Ring 414 may have any shape, including but not limited, to a circularshape, an elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape. In some embodiments,at least a portion of a product (e.g., product 270) held by displayfixture 400 may wrap around ring 414. In some embodiments, stem 410 maynot include extension 412 and ring 414, but rather stem 410 may becomposed of a single structure, such as a straight rod or tube (seee.g., stem 710 in FIG. 28) or a curved/bent rod or tube.

Stem 410 may also include a groove 415 disposed on at least a portion ofstem 410. For example, groove 415 may be disposed on and around aportion of ring 404 as shown in FIGS. 24A, 24B, and 25. Groove 415 maybe used to house one or more wires 416 that electrically connectcharging puck 420 to electrical connectors 434 (e.g., via printedcircuit board 430) of plug 402. In some embodiments, groove 415 mayextend from extension 412, around a portion of ring 414, and terminateat side surface 424 of charging puck 420. In some embodiments, ring 414is initially formed having a solid (e.g., cylindrical) cross-sectionalshape, and groove 415 is machined into this shape.

As shown in FIG. 25, groove 415 may connect to a channel 417 disposed inextension 412. In some embodiments, channel 417 may be disposedcompletely within and through the center of extension 412. In otherwords, extension 412 may be a tube having a hollow interior with channel417 defining the hollow interior. Channel 417 in combination with groove414 may serve to escort wire 416 from plug 402 (e.g., from printedcircuit board 430 of plug 402) to charging puck 420. In someembodiments, ring 414 may be a hollow tube having an internal channelsimilar to channel 417. In such embodiments, wire 416 may be completelyconcealed within ring 414, and thus, may be completed concealed withindisplay fixture 400. In some embodiments, after routing wire 416 ingroove 415, groove 415 may closed (e.g., by filling groove 415 with amaterial or by closing groove 415 using mechanical force) so as toconceal wire 416 within ring 414.

In some embodiments, as shown, for example, in FIG. 30, wire 416 mayinclude at least one conductor wire 900 and an insulated ground wire904. Conductor wire(s) 900 may be configured to supply power and/or datafrom printed circuit board 430 to charging puck 420. In someembodiments, conductors wires 900 for supplying power may have a gaugeof 30 AWG (American Wire Gauge). In some embodiments, conductor wires900 for supplying data may have a gauge of 34 AWG. Ground wire 904 mayserve to ground charging puck 420 via printed circuit board 430 andprinted circuit board 330. In some embodiments, ground wire 904 may havea gauge of 34 AWG. In some embodiments, wire 416 may include a guidewire 902 to facilitate routing of wire 416 through channel 417. Guidewire 902 may be a single strand of 34 AWG power wire. Wire 416 may alsoinclude a filler 906. Filler 906 may be composed of an insulatingmaterial such as aramid fiber. In some embodiments, filer 906 may be two100D strands of aramid fiber.

In some embodiments, wire 416 may include a polyester wrapping 908disposed around wires 900, 902, and 904 and filler 906. Polyesterwrapping 908 may be a thin wrapping used in place of conventional wirejackets that are typically much thicker. As such, polyester wrapping 908reduces the overall diameter of wire 416, to thereby allow a minimizedsize for extension 412. In some embodiments, wire 416 may also include apolyethylene (PE) film 910 disposed on and around polyester wrapping908. In some embodiments, the PE film may be made of MYLAR®. The PE filmreduces surface frication and facilitates routing of wire 416 thoughchannel 417 in extension 412. The construction of the wire 416 shown inFIG. 30 results in a wire having a smaller overall diameter thanconventional wires. The small overall diameter of wire 416 alsofacilitates the routing of wire through channel 417. In someembodiments, the overall diameter of wire 416 may be in the range from1.2 mm to 1.4 mm. In some embodiments, the overall diameter of wire 416is 1.3 mm.

FIG. 26 shows a display fixture 500 according to some embodiments.Display fixture 500 may include a plug 502 attached to a stem 510. Insome embodiments, plug 502 may include a cord 503, such as audio or USBcord, connected to plug 502 and configured to supply power and/or datato a charging puck 520. Plug 502 may also include a printed circuitboard (such as printed circuit board 430) disposed therein. Similar tostem 410, stem 510 may include an extension 512 fixed to plug 502 and aring 514 fixed to extension 512 and charging puck 520. Ring 514 mayinclude a groove 515 for escorting a wire 516 from extension 512 tocharging puck 520. In some embodiments, extension 512, ring 514, groove515, and wire 516 may have the same characteristics as extension 412,ring 414, groove 415, and wire 416 described in detail above withrespect to FIGS. 24A, 24B, 25, and 30. Charging puck 520 may have thesame characteristics as charging puck 420. In some embodiments, chargingpuck 520 may have a proximal surface 522 having a security switch 521disposed thereon. In some embodiments, security switch 521 may be anelectronic switch integrated within the circuitry and/or software usedto control an inductive charging mechanism associated with charging puck520. Security switch 521 may have the same functionality as securityswitch 421. And security switch 521 may be in communication with andcontrolled by a controller, such as master controller 204 and/orcontroller 281.

FIG. 27 shows a display apparatus 600 according to some embodiments.Display apparatus 600 may include a base 604 on a distal end 602 and adisplay cavity 614 on a proximal end 610. Display cavity 614 may includea product surface 620 having at least one aperture for receiving atleast a portion of a node 622 for holding a display fixture, for exampledisplay fixture 500. The aperture(s) on product surface 620 and node 622may be the same or similar to aperture 176 and node 350, respectively.In some embodiments, nodes 622 may be modified to accommodate plug 502and cord 503. While FIG. 27 shows display apparatus 600 holding displayfixture 500, display cavity 614 may be used to hold other types ofdisplay fixtures, such as display fixtures 400 or 700. A panel 612 maybe disposed over display cavity 614 on proximal end 610 of displayapparatus 600. In some embodiments, panel 612 may be transparent (e.g.,formed of glass), and may enclose display cavity 614 and define a topportion of display cavity 614. In some embodiments, panel 612 may havethe same or similar construction as glass panel 120.

In some embodiments, display apparatus 600 may have a hollow casing 606extending from distal end 602 to proximal end 610. Hollow casing 606 mayinclude a receptacle 608 disposed at proximal end 610 for receiving atleast a portion of display cavity 614. And base 604 may seal hollowcasing 606 at distal end 602. A chamber 630 within hollow casing 606 mayhouse electronics 632 for supplying data and/or power to a productdisplayed within display cavity 614. In some embodiments, displayapparatus 600 may be mounted in a surface, such as a surface of a wallor in a table. In some embodiments, panel 612 may be flush with thesurface, or may protrude out from the surface (e.g., by the depth ofdisplay cavity 614). In some embodiments, display apparatus 600 may becoupled to at least one controller for controlling at least: (1) thesupply of power and/or data to display apparatus 600 and the productsdisplayed therein, (2) the temperature within display cavity 614, and/or(3) lighting within cavity 614, similarly as described above for table100.

FIG. 28 shows a display fixture 700 according to some embodiments.Display fixture 700 may include a plug 702 and a stem 710 fixed to plug702. In some embodiments plug 702 may have the same characteristics asplug 402. In some embodiments stem 710 may be a straight rod or tube ora curved or bent rod or tube. In some embodiments, stem 710 may have thesame characteristics as stem 410. Display fixture 700 may also include acharging puck 720 for supplying power and/or data to a product help bydisplay fixture 700. Charging puck 720 may include a proximal surface722 for supporting a product, a side surface 724, and a distal surface726 fixed to stem 710. Proximal surface 722 may include a cable access725, which may provide access for an auxiliary cable 730, which may be adata/power cable or other linkage, and which may connect to a port onthe product held by display fixture 700 to provide data and/or power tothe product. In some embodiments, data and/or power can be provided tocable access 725 from a printed circuit board 330 via a printed circuitboard 430 disposed in plug 702 and a wire 728 electrically connected tocable access 725. Wire 728 may have the same or a similar constructionas wire 416. Cable access 725 may be a cable pass-through through whichthe power/data cable can pass, or may be an outlet configured to receivea data/power cable plug from, e.g., auxiliary cable 730. In someembodiments, display fixtures 400 and 500 may including a cable access,an auxiliary cable, and a wire electrically connected to the cableaccess, similar to display fixture 700, in addition to or in replacementof an inductive charging mechanism.

Any suitable outlet and plug combination can be used at either end ofauxiliary cable 730 to provide such power and/or data transmissionthrough cable access 725 to a product, such as, for example, UniversalSerial Bus (USB), micro-USB, mini-USB, Advanced Technology Attachment(ATA) (e.g., Parallel ATA, Serial ATA), or any other standard orproprietary connection format.

In some embodiments, proximal surface 722 may include security switch721. Security switch 721 may be communicatively coupled to an alarm orother alert such that the alert can be triggered by removal of a productsupported by display fixture 700. Such removal of a product from displayfixture 700 may disengage (or engage) security switch 721, therebytriggering the alert. Security switch 721 may have the samefunctionality as security switch 421. And security switch 721 may be incommunication with and controlled by a controller, such as mastercontroller 204 and/or controller 281.

FIG. 29 shows an alignment jig 800 that may be used to orient nodes 350within apertures 176 on a display panel 160 in the same directionrelative to product surface 162, to present a consistent orientation andappearance among displayed products 270. Alignment jig 800 may include ajig receptacle surface 802 defining a plurality of jig receptacles 804configured to receive plug jigs 806. Alignment jig 800 may include anelongated shape such that receptacles 804 may be aligned in a row. Insome embodiments, each plug jig 806 may be releasably attached within ajig receptacle 804. The releasable attachment between plug jigs 806 andreceptacles 804 may be provided by, for example, a slidable fit,friction fit, magnetic forces, or a snap-fit. In some embodiments, atleast one plug jig 806 may be fixed within at least one jig receptacle804.

Plug jigs 806 may each include a body 807 having an upper surface 808configured to fit within a jig receptacle 804 and an outer surface 810configured to be at least partially received within a jig receptacle804. Plug jigs 806 may also include an alignment fitting 814 attached toa lower surface 812 of body 807. Preferably, body 807 of plug jig 806 issized and shaped to correspond with the size and shape of jig receptacle804. In some embodiments, jig receptacles 804 and bodies 807 may have across-sectional shape, in a direction orthogonal to the direction ofinsertion of the a plug jig 806 into a jig receptacle 804 (i.e., in adirection parallel to jig receptacle surface 802), that is non-circularsuch that plug jigs 806 may only be oriented within jig receptacles 804in predetermined orientations. The non-circular shape may be, but is notlimited to, an oval shape or a pentagon shape. In some embodiments, jigreceptacles 804 and bodies 807 may have a cross-sectional shape, in adirection orthogonal to the direction of insertion of a plug jig 806into a jig receptacle 804 (i.e., in a direction parallel to jigreceptacle surface 802), that is non-symmetrical such that plug jigs 806may only be oriented within jig receptacles 804 in a singlepredetermined orientation. The non-symmetrical shape may be, but is notlimited to, a square with a projection extending from one side. Plugjigs 806 must be aligned in the same direction within receptacles 804 sothat alignment jig 800 can be used to orient nodes 350 is the samedirection. The non-circular or non-symmetrical shape facilitates theproper alignment of plug jigs 806 on alignment jig 800.

As shown in FIG. 29, each plug jig 806 may be aligned such that surfacefeatures 818 disposed on surfaces 816 of alignment fittings 814 areoriented in the same direction. In some embodiments, surface feature 818may protrude from surface 816 on alignment fittings 814. In someembodiments, surface feature 818 may be a groove within surface 816 onalignment fittings 814, similar to second alignment feature 409described with reference to plug 402 above. Surface feature 818 may besized and shaped to compliment first alignment feature 361 on node 350.Surface feature 818 may be, but is not limited to, a notch, aprojection, or a groove. For example, if first alignment feature 361 isa projection, surface feature 818 may be a groove configured to slideover the projection, or vice versa.

Alignment fitting 814 may be configured to fit within hollow interior358 of node 350 so that a bottom surface 820 of alignment fitting 814contacts proximal surface 368 of base 364 when alignment fitting 814 isinserted into node 350. In some embodiments, alignment fitting 814 mayhave a length corresponding to the depth of node 350 such that a lowersurface 812 of plug jig 806 contacts flange 352 of node 350 when bottomsurface 820 contacts proximal surface 368 of base 364.

In operation, a node 350 may be placed onto each alignment fitting 814and held thereon. In some embodiments, node 350 may be held on alignmentfitting 814 due to a friction-fit between interior surface 360 of node350 and alignment surface 816. In some embodiments, node 350 may be heldon alignment fitting 814 via magnetic force. Due to first alignmentfeature 361 on node 350 and surface feature 818 on alignment surface816, a node 350 will only fit over each alignment fitting 814 in asingle direction. Once at least two nodes are placed over alignmentfitting 814, a user may place alignment jig 800 over product surface 162such that the at least two nodes 350 are received in apertures 176. Oncethe at least two node 350 are received in apertures 176, alignment jig800 may be removed, thereby leaving the node(s) 350 within theaperture(s) 176, aligned with each other. In some embodiments, node(s)350 may remain in aperture(s) 176 due to a friction fit between anaperture 176 and exterior surface 362 of hollow frame 354, the frictionforce between the aperture 176 and exterior surface 362 being largerthan the friction force between interior surface 360 and alignmentsurface 816 or the magnetic force used to hold node 350 on alignmentfitting 814. Subsequent nodes 350 may be placed in the same manner. Tomaintain alignment with previously placed nodes 350, at least one plugjig 806 for a previously placed node 350 may be maintained within node350, and at least one jig receptacle 804 may be kept empty whenpreparing the alignment jig for placing subsequent nodes 350. Whenplacing the subsequent nodes 350, the empty jig receptacle 804 may beplaced over the previously-placed plug jig 806, thereby aligning thesubsequent nodes 350 with the previously placed node 350.

Some embodiments may include a kit having an alignment jig 800 and atleast one plug jig 806 and/or at least one node 350. In someembodiments, the kit may include instructions for using alignment jig800, in conjunction with at least one plug jig 806, to orient nodes 350within apertures 176 in the same direction relative to product surface162 on a display panel 160.

FIG. 32 illustrates a perspective view of a DC-to-DC converter 1200according to some embodiments of the present invention, which mayreceive, convert, and distribute power, and a MagSafe plug connector1205 and Molex plug connectors 1210, 1215 lined up to mate withcorresponding connectors of DC-to-DC converter 1200. Converter 1200, asdescribed in further detail below, may include a MagSafe receptacleconnector (e.g., MagSafe receptacle connector 1344, as shown in FIG.33C) that can mate with MagSafe plug connector 1205 along an insertionaxis 1220. MagSafe plug connector 1205, which can be part of a MagSafepower adapter 1225, may provide a DC input voltage such as 20 V at 85watts (W). Converter 1200 also includes regulator circuitry, as furtherdescribed with reference to FIGS. 34A and 34B, for converting the DCinput voltage to one or more DC output voltages (e.g., 12 V, 5 V or 3.3V or slightly higher voltages such as 5.2 volts to account for cablelosses, etc.) that are provided at two-contact Molex receptacleconnector 1230 and three-contact Molex receptacle connectors 1235, 1240,1245.

Two-contact Molex receptacle connector 1230 can mate along an insertionaxis 1250 with two-contact Molex plug connectors 1210, which can be partof a Molex cable assembly 1255, and provide, e.g., 12 V at 75 W.Additionally, three-contact Molex receptacle connector 1245 can matealong an insertion axis 1260 with three-contact Molex plug connector1215, which can be part of a Molex cable assembly 265, and provide,e.g., 5 V at 75 W and/or 3.3 V at 60 W. Three-contact Molex receptacleconnectors 1235, 1240 can also mate with three-contact Molex plugconnector 1215. As shown in FIG. 32, two-contact and three-contact Molexplug connectors 1210, 1215 may include contacts (e.g., contacts 1270,1271, 1275, 1276, 1277) for forming an electrical connection withcorresponding contacts of the Molex receptacle connectors and retentionfeatures (e.g., deflecting latching arms 1280, 1281, 1285, 1286) forretaining the electrical connection between the corresponding connectorsonce they are mated.

Molex cable assemblies 1255, 1265 may also include another connector(e.g., a Molex connector or another standard electrical connector suchas a Universal Serial Bus (USB) connector) for providing the powerreceived at their respective plug connectors. As such, Molex cableassemblies 1255, 1265 may provide the DC output voltage of converter1200 to other cable assemblies, other power conversion circuitry, or toconnectors of electronic devices. Alternatively, the other end of Molexcable assemblies 1255, 1265 can be wired directly to an electronicdevice. For example, the Molex cable assemblies can be connected viaMolex connectors to electronic devices such as fans (e.g. fans 242) forcooling devices, lights (e.g., lights 254), and/or inductive chargingdevices (e.g., display fixtures 400). In some embodiments, the Molexcable assemblies can be connected to one or more printed circuit boards(e.g., printed circuit boards 330) for providing power to electronicdevices. Further examples and discussion of the destinations of the DCoutput voltages provided by converter 1200 are discussed above and canalso be found in U.S. Patent Application Nos. 62/045,474 and 62/045,455,both filed on Sep. 3, 2014, each of which is incorporated herein in itsentirety by reference thereto.

Although converter 1200 is shown and described as receiving a DC inputvoltage using a MagSafe receptacle connector, some embodiments may useother standard connectors instead of a MagSafe connector. For example, acoaxial power connector, a snap and lock DC power connector, a Molexconnector or any other DC power connector can be used instead of or inaddition to a MagSafe receptacle connector. Similarly, instead of or inaddition to Molex receptacle connectors 1230, 1235, 1240, 1245,converter 1200 may include a banana connector, an ATX AdvancedTechnology eXtended (ATX) connector, or any other DC power connector.Additionally, while the MagSafe connector of converter 1200 is describedabove as being an 85 W MagSafe connector, different MagSafe connectorsmay also be included with other embodiments (e.g., a 60 W MagSafeconnector). Similarly, other versions of Molex connectors can be usedinstead of Molex receptacle connectors 1230, 1235, 1240, 1245.

FIGS. 33A-33C illustrate perspective, front, and back views,respectively, of a DC-to-DC converter 1300, according to an embodiment.As shown in FIG. 3A, converter 1300 includes a housing 1302 havingconnection openings 1304, 1306, 1308, 1310 for Molex receptacleconnectors 1312, 1314, 1316, 1318, respectively. Connection openings1304, 1306, 1308, 1310 are located at side surface 1320 of the four sidesurfaces extending between top and bottom surfaces 1322, 1324 of housing1302. An additional connection opening (e.g., connection opening 1342,as shown in FIG. 33C) can be located at another side surface of housing1302 (e.g., side surface 1320, as shown in FIG. 33B).

The axes set of FIG. 33A is labeled relative to the dimensions ofhousing 1302, including length (l), width (w) and thickness (t)dimensions. The length of housing 1302 can range between about 60 to 100millimeters (mm), e.g., 79 mm or 90 mm. The width of housing 1302 canrange between about 60 to 100 mm, e.g., 77 mm or 85 mm. The thickness ofhousing 1302 can range between about 5 to 50 mm, e.g., 22 mm or 30 mm.The overall volume of housing 1302 can be, e.g., less than 100 cubiccentimeters or less than 500 cubic centimeters. As another example, theoverall volume of housing 1302 can be less than 400 cubic centimeters,having dimensions less than 100 mm×95 mm×4.0 mm. As yet another example,the overall volume of housing 1302 can be less than 150 cubiccentimeters, having dimensions less than 80 mm×77 mm×23 mm. As such, thesize of converter 1300 can be an order of magnitude smaller thantraditional standalone DC-to-DC converters for handling similar inputvoltages, while providing a cosmetic minimalist appearance.

Due to the size of housing 1302, the circuitry of converter 1300 can bedesigned to manage heat dissipation that occurs during voltageconversion such that housing 1302 does not become hot during operation,as further discussed in relation to FIGS. 34A and 34B. Housing 1302 canbe made from materials such as a polymer (e.g., polycarbonate) to helpdissipate the heat produced by converter 1300.

As shown in FIG. 33B, side surface 1320 includes three-contact Molexreceptacle connectors 1312, 1314, 1316, each of which include threesockets (e.g., sockets 1326, 1328 and 1330) for contacts (not shown) andtwo-contact Molex receptacle connector 1318, which includes two sockets1332, 1334 for contacts (not shown). These Molex connectors also includelatching protrusions (e.g., latching protrusions 1336, 1338) fordeflecting and securing corresponding latch arms (e.g., latch arms 1280,1281, 1285, 1286, as shown in FIG. 32) when mated with correspondingconnectors (e.g., Molex plug connectors 1210, 1215, as shown in FIG.32). As also shown in FIG. 33B, Molex receptacle connectors 1312, 1314,1316, 1318 are keyed, which, along with having a different number ofsockets, may help to prevent incorrect couplings with correspondingconnectors.

Molex receptacle connectors 1312, 1314, 1316 can have a pinout thatincludes two power contacts and one ground contact, and Molex receptacleconnectors 1318 can have a pinout that includes one power contact andone ground contact. For example, sockets 1326, 1328, 1330 of Molexreceptacle connectors 1312 can include a 5 V contact, a 5 V contact, anda ground (GRN) contact, respectively, in order to provide a 5 V DCoutput voltage. Using two 5 V contacts can allow a corresponding Molexconnector assembly to include a lower gauge wire due to a lower voltagedrop. Alternatively, sockets 1326, 1328, 1330 of Molex receptacleconnectors 1312 can include a 5 V contact, a 3.3 V contact, and a GRNcontact, respectively, in order to provide a 5 V or a 3.3 DC outputvoltage, depending on the configuration of the corresponding Molexconnector mated therewith. Sockets 1332, 1334 of Molex receptacleconnectors 1318 can include a 12 V contact and a GRN contact,respectively, in order to provide a 12 V DC output voltage. Otherpinouts can also be used.

Although converter 1300 is shown and described as including Molexreceptacle connectors 1312, 1314, 1316, 1318 in specific positions withspecific pinouts, embodiments of the invention may include Molexreceptacle connectors at different locations of housing 1302 (e.g., attop surface 1322 or bottom surface 1324) and the output voltages andassociated pinouts can also be varied (e.g., the pinouts may includemore contacts and/or contacts having different voltages).

As shown in FIG. 33C, a side surface 1340 of housing 1302, which can beopposite side surface 1320, includes a connection opening 1342 for aMagSafe receptacle connector 1344 and a light pipe 1346. MagSafereceptacle connector 1342 includes a raised portion 1348 that extendsfrom a recessed surface 1350 and contacts 1352 a-1352 e are disposed onraised portion 1348. MagSafe receptacle connector 1342 also includes anelectromagnet (not shown) that can be energizable to magneticallyattract a magnetic element of a corresponding standard connector (e.g.,MagSafe plug connector 1205, as shown in FIG. 32). Further examples anddiscussion of features and embodiments of MagSafe receptacle connector1344 and corresponding connectors can be found in U.S. Pat. No.7,311,526, for “MAGNETIC CONNECTOR FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICE,” filed Sep.26, 2005, which is incorporated herein in its entirety by referencethereto.

Light pipe 1344 can transmit light generated by light-emitting diodes(e.g., light-emitting diodes 1404, as shown in FIG. 34A) that indicatesthe power status of converter 1300. For example, a green light-emittingdiode (LED) light transmitted by light pipe 1344 can indicate that poweris being received at converter 1300 (e.g., power is being received fromMagSafe plug connector 1205, as shown in FIG. 32), while a red LED lighttransmitted by light pipe 1344 can indicate that input loads are largerthan the specification and hence converter 1300 will remain inactive andshould be power-cycled.

Although converter 1300 is shown and described as having a standardinput connector (e.g., MagSafe receptacle connector 1342) located on oneside surface of housing 1302 and standard output connectors (e.g., Molexreceptacle connectors 1312, 1314, 1316, 1318) located on another sidesurface of housing 1302, some embodiments may include standard input andoutput connectors in different locations. For example, converter 1300may include standard input and output connectors on other side surfacesof housing 1302 (e.g., on a bottom surface or a different side surface)and/or both the input and output connectors can be located on the samesurface of housing 1302 (e.g., top surface 1322). Additionally, whilethe standard input and output connectors of converter 1300 are differentconnector types, some embodiments may include standard input and outputconnectors that are the same type. Alternatively, the included standardoutput connectors may not all be the same. For example, converter 1300could include both Molex and MagSafe connectors for its standard outputconnectors or one or more Molex and/or MagSafe connectors as well asother standard connectors for its standard output connectors.

As mentioned above, more details are provided herein regarding thecircuitry of converters 1200 and 1300 for converting a DC input voltageto one or more DC output voltages, the following figures illustrateexamples of this regulator circuitry included on a printed circuit board(PCB).

FIGS. 34A and 34B illustrate front and back views, respectively, of aPCB 1400 of a DC-to-DC converter, according to some embodiments of thepresent invention. PCB 1400 be can sized such that it can be disposedwithin a DC-to-DC converter's housing (e.g., housing 1302, as shown inFIGS. 33A-33C). For example, the dimensions of PCB 1400 can be 55 mm×70mm×1 mm, with a tallest component height being 7.6 mm on one side and 7mm on the other side. As shown in FIG. 34A, the front side of PCB 1400includes a MagSafe receptacle connector 1402; power status indicator LED1404; input circuitry 1406; voltage regulator circuitry, including firstand second regulator circuitry 1408, 1410; and Molex receptacleconnectors 1412, 1414, 1416, 1418 as well as other components.

When PCB 1400 is assembled within a converter housing, MagSafereceptacle connector 1402 can be positioned adjacent to a connectoropening (e.g., connector opening 1342, as shown in FIG. 33C) such that acorresponding MagSafe plug connector (e.g., MagSafe plug connector 1205)can be mated therewith. MagSafe receptacle connector 1402 can beconfigured to receive and route a DC input voltage (e.g., 20 V at 85 W)to input circuitry 1406, but an impedance check may occur before poweris drawn from the DC input voltage source. LED 1404 will indicate to auser whether power is being drawn via a light pipe (e.g., light pipe1346), as discussed above. A joint test action group (JTAG) header 1420can be used for loading firmware that controls LED 1404 and alow-dropout regulator (LDO) 1422 can be used to step down the DC inputvoltage for LED 1404.

Input circuitry 1406 may perform a number of functions, includingdetermining whether the current of the DC input voltage exceeds an uppercurrent threshold (e.g., 4.22 amperes). A current sensing mechanismincluding a sensor and a comparator can be included with input circuitry1406 to perform this function. Input circuitry 1406 can also includefuses (e.g., 6 amperes resettable fuses) for dealing with hard hits tothe PCB circuitry, but the current sensing mechanism can take less timeto recover so it can be included even though its function is redundantto the fuses. Input circuitry 1406 can also include a bleed resistor(not shown) placed in parallel with MagSafe receptacle connector 1402 tohelp discharge the electric charge stored in a power source's filtercapacitors or other components when a DC input voltage power source(e.g., MagSafe plug connector 1205, as shown in FIG. 32) is quicklyunplugged and plugged back into MagSafe receptacle connector 1402.

After processing the DC input voltage, as described above, inputcircuitry 1406 provides the DC input voltage to first regulatorcircuitry 1408. First regulator circuitry 1408 can receive the DC inputvoltage at controller 1426, which can be coupled to a plurality ofinductors 1428 and capacitors 1430 a-1430 d via ametal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) 1432. Theplurality of inductors 1428 can be coupled in series to minimize dropwhile capacitors 1430 a-1430 d can be coupled in parallel and groupedaround inductors 1428. Together these components can step down the DCinput to a lower voltage (e.g., 12 V at 75 W and 6 amperes (amps)).

MOSFET 1432 can also be coupled to additional capacitors that areincluded on the backside of PCB 1400. For example, as shown in FIG. 4B,the back side of PCB 1400 can include capacitors 1434 a-1434 d that arecoupled to the MOSFET 1432 through PCB 1400, thereby providingadditional electrically stability as MOSFET 1432 filters the DC inputvoltage before providing it to inductors 1428 and capacitors 1430 a-1430d. This layout helps to optimize power supply and heat dissipation tominimize the space required in the converter housing for PCB 1400. Thesize of capacitors 1430 a-1430 d can also be optimized to avoid largedrops and charge quickly while still being small in number. For example,capacitors 1430 a-1430 d can be rated at 180 microfarads (μF) and standless than 8 mm tall.

After the DC input voltage has been stepped down, first regulatorcircuitry 1408 can provide a DC output voltage to a two-contact Molexreceptacle connector 1418, which can mate with a corresponding Molexplug connector (e.g., Molex plug connector 1210, as shown in FIG. 32).In addition, first regulator circuitry 1408 can provide its DC outputvoltage to second regulator circuitry 1410 when second regulatorcircuitry 1410 is configured to provide a DC output voltage that is lessthan the DC output voltage provided by first regulator circuitry 1408(e.g., when first regulator circuitry 1408 outputs 12 V at 6 amps andsecond regulator circuitry 1410 outputs 5 V at 16.2 amps). This voltagepath can help to further limit heat dissipation at PCB 1400, as opposedto providing the DC input directly to second regulator circuitry 1410.In addition to reducing losses and heat dissipation, controller 1426does not need to be as complex when first regulator circuitry 1408provides its DC output voltage to second regulator circuitry 1410.

Second regulator circuitry 1410 can receive the DC output voltage offirst regulator circuitry 1408 at controller 1426, which can be coupledto a plurality of inductors 1438 and capacitors 1440 a-1440 d via aMOSFET 1442. The plurality of inductors 1439 can be coupled in series tominimize drop while capacitors 1440 a-1440 d can be coupled in paralleland grouped around inductors 1438. Together these components can stepdown the DC input to a lower voltage (e.g., 5 V at 75 W or 3.3 V at 60W).

MOSFET 1436 can also be coupled to additional capacitors that areincluded on the backside of PCB 1400. For example, as shown in FIG. 34B,the back side of PCB 1400 can include capacitors 1444 a-1444 b that arecoupled to the MOSFET 1436 through PCB 1400, thereby providingadditional electrical stability as MOSFET filters the DC output voltageof first regulator circuitry 1408 before providing it to inductors 1438and capacitors 1440 a-1440 b. This layout helps to optimize power supplyand heat dissipation to minimize the space required in the converterhousing for PCB 1400. The size of capacitors 1440 a-1440 b can also beoptimized to avoid large drops and charge quickly while still beingsmall in number. For example, capacitors 1440 a-1440 b can be rated at180 microfarads (g) and stand less than 8 mm tall.

After the DC input voltage has been stepped down, second regulatorcircuitry 1410 can provide DC output voltages to three-contact Molexreceptacle connectors 1412,1 414,1 416, which can mate withcorresponding Molex plug connectors (e.g., Molex plug connectors 1215,as shown in FIG. 32). Fuses (e.g., 8 amp resettable fuses) can beincluded for each of the Molex receptacle connectors 1412, 1414, 1416 tocomply with National Electrical Code (NEC) requirements. A resettablefuse can also be provided for Molex receptacle connector 1418 andvariations thereof for the same reason. As with other three-contactMolex receptacle connectors discussed herein, three-contact Molexreceptacle connectors 1412, 1414, 1416 can have the same or differentpinouts in order to provide, e.g., 5 V and/or 3.3 V of DC outputvoltage.

First and second regulator circuitry 1408, 1410 and input circuitry 1406of PCB 1400 can each include chokes (e.g., common mode chokes 1446,1448, 1424) to filter out noise caused by transient power loads (e.g.,connection to external inductive charging coils) so that less, if any,noise feeds back into the regulator circuitry, thereby improvingelectromagnetic compatibility.

The configuration of PCB 1400 as shown in FIGS. 34A-34B and describedabove, can allow a converter in which PCB 1400 is implemented to runcontinuously without needing a fan, while ensuring the converter housingdoes not become hot to the touch and even when a corresponding converteris running continuously at max load. PCB 1400 also includes empty region1448, which can allow the function of PCB 1400 to be expandable (e.g.,to include additional standard output connectors).

Although PCB 1400 is shown and described as having regulator circuitrythat includes two sub-circuits (e.g., first and second voltage regulatorcircuitry 1408 and 1410), additional voltage regulator circuitry mayalso be included on PCB 1400 for converting to additional DC outputvoltages. For example, PCB 1400 could include a third or more voltageregulator circuitry. Additionally, PCB 1400 can be configured to handlea number of different input voltages, including 20 V but also 30 V orother voltages. Additionally, although PCB 1400 as well as converters1200, 1300 are discussed herein as providing non-variable DC outputvoltages (e.g., first and second voltage regulators 1408 and 1410 areconfigured to only output one DC output voltage), PCB 1400 andconverters 1200, 1300 can be modified to provide variable DC outputvoltages.

Also, while a number of specific embodiments were disclosed withspecific features, a person of skill in the art will recognize instanceswhere the features of a number of different embodiments can be combinedwith the features of another embodiment. In addition, some specificembodiments of the invention set forth above were illustrated anddescribed as having housings shaped liked a rectangular prism. A personof skill in the art will readily appreciate that DC-to-DC converterhousings can be formed in other shapes, such a spherical, irregular,pyramidal, conical, cylindrical, and other shapes.

The foregoing descriptions of the specific embodiments described hereinare presented for purposes of illustration and description. Theseexemplary embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit theembodiments to the precise forms disclosed. All specific detailsdescribed are not required in order to practice the describedembodiments.

It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that manymodifications and variations are possible in view of the aboveteachings, and that by applying knowledge within the skill of the art,one may readily modify and/or adapt for various applications suchspecific embodiments, without undue experimentation, without departingfrom the general concept of the present invention. Such adaptations andmodifications are intended to be within the meaning and range ofequivalents of the disclosed embodiments, based on the teaching andguidance presented herein.

The Detailed Description section is intended to be used to interpret theclaims. The Summary and Abstract sections may set forth one or more butnot all exemplary embodiments of the present invention as contemplatedby the inventor(s), and thus, are not intended to limit the presentinvention and the appended claims.

The present invention has been described above with the aid offunctional building blocks illustrating the implementation of specifiedfunctions and relationships thereof. The boundaries of these functionalbuilding blocks have been arbitrarily defined herein for the convenienceof the description. Alternate boundaries can be defined so long as thespecified functions and relationships thereof are appropriatelyperformed.

The phraseology or terminology used herein is for the purpose ofdescription and not limitation, such that the terminology or phraseologyof the present specification is to be interpreted by the skilledartisan.

The breadth and scope of the present invention should not be limited byany of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be definedonly in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.

1-14. (canceled)
 15. A table comprising: a table top, the table topcomprising: a glass panel and a display panel disposed below the glasspanel forming a cavity between the table top and the glass panel;wherein the display panel comprising a node configured to receive adisplay fixture for displaying a product; and a power supply systemconfigured to supply power to the display fixture.
 16. The table ofclaim 15, wherein the power supply system comprises a printed circuitboard for supplying power to the display fixture, wherein the printedcircuit board is disposed within the display panel.
 17. The table ofclaim 16, wherein the printed circuit board comprises a plurality ofcontacts, each contact corresponding to a node of the display panel andconfigured to provide power to a display fixture.
 18. The table of claim15, further comprising a cooling system configured to maintain thetemperature of the cavity within a determined range, wherein the powersupply system is configured to supply power to the cooling system. 19.The table of claim 15, further comprising a lighting system configuredto illuminate at least a portion of the cavity, wherein the power supplysystem is configured to supply power to the lighting system.
 20. Thetable of claim 15, further comprising an actuator configured to rotatethe display panel about an edge thereof; wherein the power supply systemis configured to supply power to the actuator. 21-49. (canceled)
 50. Atable comprising a table top comprising: a top surface; a display cavityrecessed from the top surface; a display panel forming a bottom surfaceof the display cavity and comprising a plurality of nodes eachconfigured to receive a display fixture; a plurality of printed circuitboards disposed within the display panel below the plurality of nodes;and a power supply system in electrical communication with the pluralityof printed circuit boards.
 51. The table of claim 50, wherein thedisplay panel is rotatable about and edge thereof.
 52. The table ofclaim 50, wherein each of the printed circuit boards comprises aplurality of electrical contact pairs, and wherein each electricalcontact pair is disposed below one of the plurality of nodes.
 53. Thetable of claim 50, wherein each node comprises: a flange; a basedefining a through hole therethrough; and a hollow frame connecting theflange to the base, the hollow frame configured to receive at least aportion of the display fixture.
 54. The table of claim 53, wherein thehollow frame includes an alignment feature for aligning the displayfixture.
 55. The table of claim 54, wherein the alignment feature is aprotrusion from the hollow frame this is received by a slot in thedisplay fixture when the display fixture is received within the hollowframe.
 56. The table of claim 53, further comprising a magnet coupled tothe base.
 57. The table of claim 50, wherein the table further comprisesa cooling system and a lighting system, wherein the power supply systemcomprises a power distributor in electrical communication with thecooling system, the lighting system, and at least one of the printedcircuit boards, and wherein the power distributor provides a differentvoltage between at least two of the cooling system, the light system,and at least one printed circuit board.
 58. A display system comprising:a display panel comprising: a plurality of apertures extending throughthe display panel; a plurality of nodes disposed in the plurality ofapertures; a display fixture for holding a product, wherein the displayfixture is insertable in and removable from one of the plurality ofnodes; and a first printed circuit board disposed within the displaypanel, wherein the first printed circuit board is in communication withat least one of: a power source and a data source, and wherein thedisplay fixture is connected to the first printed circuit board when thedisplay fixture is inserted in one of the plurality of nodes; whereinthe first printed circuit board is configured to supply at least one ofpower and data to a product via the display fixture.
 59. The displaysystem of claim 58, wherein the display fixture includes an inductivecharging mechanism.
 60. The display system of claim 58, wherein thedisplay comprises a plug and a stem connected to the plug.
 61. Thedisplay system of claim 60, wherein each node is configured to receiveat least a portion of the plug.
 62. The display system of claim 60,wherein the plug comprises: a second printed circuit board; and a pin inelectrical communication with the second printed circuit board.
 63. Thedisplay system of claim 62, wherein the pin contacts an electricalcontact disposed on the first printed circuit board disposed within thedisplay panel, when the display fixture is inserted in one of theplurality of nodes.
 64. The display system of claim 60, wherein eachnode comprises: a flange; a base defining a through hole therethrough;and a hollow frame connecting the flange to the base, the hollow frameconfigured to receive at least a portion of the plug.
 65. The displaysystem of claim 64, wherein the plug comprises a pin connector, andwherein at least a portion of a pin of the pin connector extends throughthe through hole and contacts an electrical contact disposed on thefirst printed circuit board.
 66. The display system of claim 58, whereinthe first printed circuit board is configured to regulate the amount ofvoltage delivered to a product.
 67. The display system of claim 58,further comprising a table, wherein the display panel is disposed withinthe table.
 68. The display system of claim 58, further comprising awall, wherein the display panel is coupled to the wall.
 69. The displaysystem of claim 58, further comprising a display case, wherein thedisplay panel is disposed within the display case.
 70. The displaysystem of claim 60, further comprising a first magnet coupled to thebase of the node and a second magnet coupled to the plug, wherein thefirst magnet and the second magnet are positioned to magneticallyattract each other when the fixture is inserted in the node.
 71. Thedisplay system of claim 58, wherein the display panel is moveable. 72.The display system of claim 58, wherein the display panel is rotatableabout a hinge.
 73. (canceled)
 74. (canceled)